2022-10-18-世界卫生组织-Physical_activity_Micronesia_Federated_States_of_2022_country_profile_2页_1mb

Summary of Micronesia (Federated States of) Health and Physical Activity Context

Core Content Overview

Micronesia (Federated States of) is a small island nation with a population of approximately 115,000 as of 2022. The population distribution indicates that 41% are under 20 years old, while 10% are over 60 years old. The country is classified as a Lower Middle Income nation by the World Bank, with a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita of $3,553 in international dollars.

Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) and Mortality

The document highlights the significant impact of NCDs on the population, particularly diabetes, other NCDs, and injuries. These conditions contribute to a substantial portion of mortality. There is a clear emphasis on the need to address the prevalence of physical inactivity, which is linked to the rise in NCDs and related health issues.

Healthcare Costs

The direct healthcare costs attributable to NCDs and mental health associated with physical inactivity are substantial. These costs amount to $615,821 per year in US dollars and $613,752 per year in international dollars. Over the 10-year period from 2020 to 2030, the cumulative cost is projected to reach $6,774,028 in US dollars and $6,751,272 in international dollars. This underscores the financial burden of inactivity-related health problems on the national healthcare system.

Active Societies: Changing Knowledge and Mindsets

Efforts to promote physical activity include national physical activity communications campaigns that are supported by community programmes and environmental improvements. These campaigns aim to raise awareness and encourage the co-benefits of physical activity, such as improved mental health and reduced risk of chronic diseases.

Active Environments: Enabling Environments

The national policy on walking and cycling emphasizes the importance of creating safe and accessible infrastructure for pedestrians and cyclists. This includes separate walking and cycling infrastructure, safe pedestrian and cycling crossings, and management of speed. The policy also addresses speed limits, driving and alcohol use, driving and drug use, and driving and mobile phone use, with best practice not available for some aspects.

Active People: Opportunities and Programmes

The country has initiatives to promote physical activity across various sectors, including workplaces, childcare settings, community sports, public open spaces, and walking and cycling. However, programmes for older adults and people with disability are not available.

Promotion of Physical Activity

Physical activity promotion is encouraged in workplaces, childcare settings, community sports, public open spaces, and walking and cycling. Specific attention is given to children and adolescents, with quality physical education being not available. The national policy on public transport and national road safety strategy are also in place to support these efforts.

Brief Intervention on Physical Activity in Primary Health

A brief intervention on physical activity in primary health is used in over 50% of facilities, indicating some level of integration into healthcare services. However, referral systems are not available in all cases.

Use of Digital Programmes

The use of mHealth (mobile health) for NCD prevention is not available, suggesting a gap in leveraging digital tools for health promotion.

School-Based Approaches

School-based approaches to promoting physical activity are not available, particularly in terms of quality physical education for children under 5 years and children and adolescents.

National Policy and Governance

There is a national policy and governance framework for physical activity, including a national NCD policy that incorporates physical activity. However, the national physical activity policy is not operational in some areas, and best practice is not available for certain components.

National Guidelines on Physical Activity

National guidelines for physical activity are available for children under 5 years, children and adolescents, adults, and older adults, providing a structured approach to promoting physical activity across different age groups.

National Surveillance of Physical Activity

The country has national surveillance systems for physical activity in children, adolescents, and adults, allowing for data collection and monitoring of trends.

National NCD Coordinating Mechanism

A national NCD coordinating mechanism exists, which is supported by national policy and guidelines, but best practice is not available in some areas.

National Target for Physical Activity

A national target for physical activity is not available, indicating a potential gap in setting clear objectives for increasing physical activity levels in the population.