2016-03-03-世界卫生组织-Zika_situation_report_-_4_March_2016_15页_863kb

ZIKA virus has been spreading globally since 2007, with 52 countries and territories reporting autochthonous transmission by March 2016. Transmission is primarily through Aedes mosquitoes, but sexual transmission has also been implicated in some cases. Brazil reported a significant increase in microcephaly cases and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in several locations, though a causal link with ZIKA is not yet proven and requires further investigation due to other factors like co-circulating dengue and chikungunya viruses. WHO launched a strategic response framework focusing on surveillance, vector control, risk communication, and research, with funding requests for emergency response. No specific treatment or vaccine is available; prevention involves mosquito bite avoidance and, where applicable, protecting against sexual transmission. Microcephaly is a condition with reduced head size potentially linked to fetal ZIKA infection, and GBS is an acute nerve disorder associated with ZIKA in some studies.