2008-12-31-世界卫生组织-2009_GSHS_Fact_Sheet_Malawi_urban_2页_88kb

报告摘要

Summary of 2009 Malawi Urban GSHS Fact Sheet

Purpose: The Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) Malawi (Urban) 2009 aimed to assess health behaviors among students aged 13-15 years in Standards 7 and 8, covering areas such as alcohol use, dietary behaviors, hygiene, mental health, sexual behaviors, tobacco use, and violence.

Methodology: A two-stage cluster sampling design was used, with a school response rate of 100% and a student response rate of 96%, resulting in data from 1,422 students. Data were self-reported on computer-scannable sheets.

Key Findings: Results focused on students aged 13-15 and showed variations by gender.

Alcohol Use: Approximately 6.1% of total students reported drinking alcohol in the past 30 days. Among those who ever drank (82.9% of students), the average age of first drink was under 14. About 4.8% admitted to being drunk during their lifetime.
Dietary Behaviors: Around 5.8% of students were underweight, with higher rates in boys (8.6%) and lower in girls (2.9%). Overweight prevalence was about 7.1% (higher in girls, 10.9%), and obesity was slightly higher in boys and girls overall.
Hygiene: Most students (ranging from 5.5% to 4.4%) did not adhere to ideal tooth cleaning or hand washing habits.
Mental Health: High levels of concern: About 12.3% had seriously considered suicide, and similar rates (12.2%) attempted it; additionally, 9.0% lacked close friends.
Sexual Behaviors: Over a quarter (25.7%) had ever had sex, with higher rates in boys (32.2%). Among sexually active students, a significant portion (73.3-89.6%) had first intercourse before age 14, and fewer than half used condoms.
Tobacco Use: Similar to alcohol, with boys reporting slightly higher smoking rates (7.5% smoked cigarettes vs. 3.7% for girls); widespread exposure (41.7% reported secondhand smoke).
Violence and Unintentional Injury: Common issues included physical fights (26.1%), injuries (29.2%), bullying (41.0%), with boys slightly higher in some areas for violence, girls for mental health.