欧洲疾控中心-欧洲艾滋病毒预防和护理标准_艾滋病毒检测模块（英）-2025_32页_1mb

ECDC HIV Testing Standards Summary

HIV testing is crucial for achieving the global target of 95% of people living with HIV (PLHIV) knowing their status.

Key Findings

• Across Europe and Central Asia, about 17% of PLHIV are unaware of their HIV status.
• Late diagnosis remains a challenge, particularly among older age groups.
• The standards aim to improve testing coverage and reduce late diagnosis.

Methodology

• The standards were developed by ECDC in partnership with EACS.
• A combination of consensus-building techniques, guideline reviews, and epidemiological data were used.
• Quality statements, indicators, and targets are structured to assess the quality and effectiveness of testing services.

Module 1: General

• Standard: All PLHIV should be aware of their status.
  • Indicator/Target: Percentage of PLHIV aware of their status: 95%.

Module 2: Testing Policies

• Standard: HIV testing programs should ensure equitable access based on local epidemiology.
• Indicator/Target: Percentage of countries analyzing HIV data by demographics and key populations: 100%.
• Other standards focus on community-based testing, self-testing, opt-out testing, and adherence to WHO testing guidelines.

Module 3: Testing Strategies

• Standard: Testing strategies should be tailored to demographic and epidemiological data.
• Indicator/Target: Testing coverage for key populations: at least 80%.

Module 4: Consent

• Standard: HIV testing should be voluntary, and pre-test counseling/written consent should not be required.
• Indicator/Target: All national testing strategies should state that testing is voluntary.

Module 5: Diagnosis and Transfer to Care

• Standard: Timely diagnosis and referral pathways to care are essential.
• Indicator/Target: Median time from diagnosis to ART initiation: as soon as possible.

Module 6: Staff Training

• Standard: Staff should be trained to provide high-quality testing services in a non-discriminatory manner.
• Indicator/Target: All providers must follow non-discriminatory and confidential practices.

Module 7: Monitoring and Evaluation

• Standard: Continuous monitoring and standardized reporting to ensure testing data quality.
• Indicator/Target: Reporting data through standard national or community surveillance systems.

Conclusion

The ECDC and EACS propose a framework for HIV testing standards, outlining quality indicators and targets. These standards emphasize equitable access, community engagement, and continuous monitoring to improve HIV testing across Europe.