2012年-世界发展银行全球_Promoting_Productive_Uses_of_Electricity_in_Rural_Areas_of_Peru___Experience_and_Lessons_Learned_89页_7mb

Summary of Promoting Productive Uses of Electricity in Rural Areas of Peru

Core Content

This document outlines the experience and lessons learned from promoting productive uses of electricity in rural areas of Peru, focusing on the Rural Electrification (RE) Project supported by the World Bank and GEF. The initiative aims to increase the economic benefits of rural electrification by encouraging the adoption of electricity in income-generating activities.

Main Objectives

• To increase the use of electricity in productive sectors to enhance rural livelihoods.
• To improve the financial sustainability of rural electricity infrastructure.
• To support the government's goal of expanding rural electrification coverage from 55% in 2010 to 88% by 2020.
• To provide a model for integrating productive uses into rural electrification programs.

Key Challenges

• Low initial adoption of electricity for production due to lack of awareness and access.
• Limited economic activity and electricity demand in isolated areas.
• Tariff barriers and the need for cross-subsidies to support access for small users.
• The importance of collaboration between government, distribution companies, and NGOs.

International Experience

• The Indonesia Rural Electrification Projects I & II pioneered the use of Business Development Services (BDS) to promote productive uses of electricity.
• These projects focused on outreach to small businesses through NGOs, addressing issues like lack of information, service quality, and tariff barriers.
• The approach involved a two-phased contract model: assessment and marketing.

Elements of Successful Programs

• Community Selection: Based on potential for productive use and existing electricity infrastructure.
• Memorandum of Understanding (MoU): Signed between the RE Project and distribution companies to define roles and responsibilities.
• NGO Involvement: NGOs were selected to implement promotion activities due to their community links and field experience.
• Customization: Programs were tailored to local conditions and NGO capabilities.
• BDS Approach: Used to assist producers in gathering information, accessing credit, and overcoming technology constraints.
• Coordination: With distribution companies, complementary institutions, and local development efforts.

Rural Electrification in Peru

• Peru is a large country with diverse geography, including the Andes, Amazon, and coastal regions.
• Rural electrification coverage was at 30% in 2007, one of the lowest in Latin America.
• The National Plan for Rural Electrification (NPRE) aims to increase coverage to 88% by 2020.
• The RE Project, funded by the World Bank and GEF, supports rural electrification through subprojects and pilot programs.

Pilot Activities

Three pilot programs were implemented under the RE Project:

1. Soluciones Practicas (ITDG) - Electro Sur Este (ELSE) in Cusco (2008-2009)
2. Swisscontact - Electrocentro in Junín (2009-2010)
3. Desco - ADINELSA in Lima Provinces (2010-2011)

These pilots focused on promoting electricity use in agricultural processing, irrigation, dairy, baking, and other small-scale industries.

Results to Date

• Number of Beneficiaries: Over 4,760 individual producers and micro-enterprises.
• Electricity Use Increase: Estimated at 1,863 MWh/year.
• Investment: Approximately $711,000 in new equipment and infrastructure.
• Gender Distribution:
  • 33% of beneficiaries were women.
  • Women were disproportionately represented in sectors like baking, dairy, and textiles.

Future Activities

• Additional promotion contracts were awarded in Arequipa, Puno, and San Martin/Loreto.
• These are in the second phase of implementation, targeting concession areas of SEAL, Electro Oriente, and Electro Puno.
• Follow-up contracts were signed with Swisscontact and Soluciones Practicas to complete projects in Junín and Cusco.

Lessons Learned

• NGOs are effective: Their community links and field experience help in promoting electricity for productive uses.
• Customization is key: Programs must be adapted to local conditions and NGO capacities.
• BDS methods are crucial: They help producers understand the benefits of electricity and access necessary resources.
• Collaboration is essential: Involving distribution companies, local governments, and other institutions improves program outcomes.
• Financial sustainability: Promoting productive uses reduces the need for subsidies and increases the financial viability of rural electricity infrastructure.

Best Practices

• Implement a two-phase contract model: assessment followed by marketing.
• Use a participatory approach to identify target communities and subsectors.
• Coordinate with complementary institutions and local development efforts.
• Ensure electricity supply infrastructure is accessible and reliable.
• Include gender-sensitive strategies to reach women entrepreneurs.

Conclusion

The pilot programs in Peru have demonstrated the potential of promoting productive uses of electricity in rural areas. By integrating Business Development Services and involving NGOs, the RE Project has successfully increased electricity adoption for income generation, contributing to rural development and the financial sustainability of electricity infrastructure. These experiences provide valuable insights for similar initiatives in other countries.