2004-12-31-世界卫生组织-2005_GYTS_Fact_Sheet_Macao_SAR_China_1页_38kb

Macau SAR GYTS Summary (2005)

Core Content

The Macau Special Administrative Region (SAR) Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) is a school-based survey conducted in 2005, targeting students in primary 6 and form 1-3 (ages 13-15). It aimed to collect data on the prevalence of tobacco use and evaluate the five key determinants influencing tobacco use: access/availability and price, exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS), cessation, media and advertising, and school curriculum. The survey employed a two-stage cluster sampling method to ensure representative data across Macau SAR.

Survey Methodology

• Sampling Method: Two-stage cluster sample design
  • First stage: Schools selected with probability proportional to enrollment size
  • Second stage: Classes randomly selected, with all students in those classes eligible to participate
• Response Rates:
  • School response rate: 94%
  • Class response rate: 100%
  • Student response rate: 93.8%
  • Overall response rate: 88.2%
• Total Participants: 1,366 students

Key Findings

Tobacco Use Prevalence

• Ever smoked: 31.2% (Boys: 33.8%, Girls: 28.3%)
• Current tobacco use: 11.9% (Boys: 12.8%, Girls: 11.0%)
• Current cigarette smoking: 10.4% (Boys: 11.0%, Girls: 9.8%)
• Current use of other tobacco products: 2.1% (Boys: 2.4%, Girls: 1.7%)
• Likely to initiate smoking next year: 15.1% of never smokers

Knowledge and Attitudes

• 16.8% of students think boys who smoke have more friends
• 13.4% of students think girls who smoke have more friends
• 6.1% think boys who smoke look more attractive
• 10.4% think girls who smoke look more attractive

Access and Availability

• 6.1% of current smokers usually smoke at home
• 64.7% of current smokers buy cigarettes in a store
• 93.4% of students who bought cigarettes in a store were not refused purchase due to age

Exposure to Secondhand Smoke (SHS)

• 42.1% live in homes where others smoke in their presence
• 67.3% are exposed to smoke around others outside the home
• 56.8% have one or more parents who smoke
• 7.5% have most or all friends who smoke
• 83.8% believe smoke from others is harmful to them
• 63.1% think smoking should be banned in public places

Cessation

• 42.1% of current smokers want to stop
• 55.2% of current smokers tried to stop in the past year
• 41.0% of current smokers have ever received help to quit

Media and Advertising

• 86.7% saw anti-smoking media messages in the past 30 days
• 84.4% saw pro-cigarette ads on billboards in the past 30 days
• 52.1% saw pro-cigarette ads in newspapers or magazines in the past 30 days
• 14.1% own an object with a cigarette brand logo
• 3.6% were offered free cigarettes by a tobacco company representative

School Curriculum

• 63.0% had been taught about the dangers of smoking
• 30.5% had discussed reasons for smoking among their age group
• 56.3% had been taught about the effects of tobacco use

Main Points and Highlights

• High prevalence of tobacco use: 11.9% of students currently use any tobacco product, with 10.4% smoking cigarettes.
• Significant SHS exposure: Over 40% of students live in homes where others smoke, and more than two-thirds are exposed to SHS in public places.
• Strong awareness of harm: More than 80% of students believe secondhand smoke is harmful to them.
• Public support for smoking bans: Over 60% of students support banning smoking in public places.
• Cessation intentions: Nearly half of current smokers (42.1%) want to stop, and 55.2% have attempted to quit in the past year.
• Influence of media: Students are heavily exposed to both anti-smoking and pro-cigarette messages, with 86.7% seeing anti-smoking messages and 84.4% seeing pro-cigarette billboards.
• Brand awareness: 14.1% of students own objects with cigarette brand logos, indicating some level of brand recognition and influence.

Key Information for Tobacco Control Programs

The GYTS highlights the need for targeted tobacco control measures in Macau SAR, particularly in reducing SHS exposure, increasing cessation support, and limiting the influence of tobacco marketing on youth. The survey data can inform the development of a comprehensive tobacco control program that addresses access, awareness, and social norms related to tobacco use.