20220111-世界经济论坛-Green_Public_Procurement_Catalysing_the_Net-Zero_Economy_33页_4mb

Public procurement, responsible for about 15% of global greenhouse gas emissions, plays a significant role in combating climate change and accelerating the transition to a net-zero economy. To achieve this, governments must adopt a systematic approach, guided by a ten-step framework that includes creating transparency in emissions baselines and targets, optimizing for climate-friendly goods and services, engaging with suppliers, and transforming procurement organizations.

Key challenges include balancing costs, addressing the decentralized nature of procurement systems, and ensuring data transparency. However, green procurement can stimulate economic growth, create jobs, and reduce environmental harm. For example, achieving net-zero goals is projected to increase public procurement costs by 3-6% by 2030 but could drive $4 trillion in private investment and create 3 million jobs by 2050.

Major emission sources in procurement are concentrated in sectors such as defence, transport, construction, and utilities. Reducing emissions in these areas through measures like renewable energy adoption, material efficiency, and life-cycle management is crucial. Successful procurement policies emphasize setting science-based targets, defining product standards, and collaborating with suppliers and industry coalitions to promote decarbonization.

By implementing these steps, governments can leverage their purchasing power to drive industry-wide climate action, aligning procurement with national net-zero goals. While challenges exist, the benefits of fostering a green economy far outweigh the initial costs, making it imperative for public procurement to lead the global fight against climate change.