2017年-世界发展银行全球_Economy_Profile_of_Iran_Islamic_Rep_66页_1mb

Doing Business 2018: Summary of Iran's Business Regulation Environment

Core Content Overview

The Doing Business 2018 report by the World Bank Group evaluates the regulatory environment for businesses in 190 economies, with a focus on how these regulations impact the ease of doing business. The report provides quantitative indicators that assess the procedures, time, and cost required for various business activities. This summary focuses on Iran's performance in key areas such as Starting a Business and Dealing with Construction Permits.

Main Indicators and Their Meanings

Key Findings: Iran's Performance

1. Starting a Business

• Procedures (Men): 8 procedures
• Procedures (Women): 9 procedures
• Time (Men): 14.5 days
• Time (Women): 15.5 days
• Cost (Men): 1.4% of income per capita
• Cost (Women): 1.4% of income per capita
• Paid-in Minimum Capital: 0% of income per capita

Notes:

• The paid-in minimum capital is zero, which is a significant advantage.
• Women face an additional procedure (obtaining husband's permission), which increases the time and complexity.
• All procedures are standardized, assuming a limited liability company with five domestic shareholders and a capital of 10 times income per capita.
• The ease of doing business ranking for Iran is based on the distance to frontier (DTF) score, which is an average of the scores across all indicators.

2. Dealing with Construction Permits

• Procedures: 15
• Time: 99 days
• Cost: 2.0% of warehouse value
• Building Quality Control Index: 12.5 (out of 15)

Notes:

• The process involves multiple inspections and approvals from various agencies.
• The building quality control index is relatively high, indicating a strong regulatory framework.
• The warehouse is assumed to be valued at 50 times income per capita, with two floors and complete architectural plans.

Comparative Performance

Starting a Business

• Iran (Men): 8 procedures, 14.5 days, 1.4% cost
• Middle East & North Africa (MEENA): 7.7 procedures, 18.6 days, 18.7% cost
• OECD High Income: 4.9 procedures, 8.5 days, 3.1% cost
• Best Performer (New Zealand): 1 procedure, 0.5 days, 0% cost

Dealing with Construction Permits

• Iran: 15 procedures, 99 days, 2.0% cost
• MEENA: 16.2 procedures, 132.1 days, 4.3% cost
• OECD High Income: 12.5 procedures, 154.6 days, 1.6% cost
• Best Performer (Denmark): 7 procedures, 27.5 days, 0.1% cost

Important Context and Methodology

• The distance to frontier (DTF) score measures how close an economy is to the best performance on each indicator.
• The ease of doing business ranking is based on the DTF scores, with 1 being the best and 190 the worst.
• The report uses a standardized company for benchmarking:
  • A limited liability company with 5 domestic owners, no legal entities, and a capital of 10 times income per capita.
  • The company is based in Tehran, the largest business city in Iran.
• For women, an additional procedure is required: obtaining husband's permission to open a business.
• No bribes are considered in the cost calculations.
• Online procedures are counted as 0.5 days in the total time calculation.
• The building quality control index is calculated from six components, including regulations, quality control, liability, and professional certifications.

Conclusion

The Doing Business 2018 report highlights Iran's business regulatory environment, focusing on starting a business and dealing with construction permits. While Iran performs relatively well in terms of paid-in capital requirements (zero cost), it lags behind many high-income economies in terms of procedures and time. The labor market regulations and gender-specific requirements add complexity, especially for women entrepreneurs. The report serves as a tool to benchmark reforms, compare performance, and improve the business climate in Iran and other economies.