2016年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_Economy_Profile_2017___Tonga_101页_1mb

Doing Business 2017: Tonga Summary

Core Content

The Doing Business 2017 report evaluates the regulatory environment for businesses across 190 economies, including Tonga, focusing on 11 key areas of business regulation. These areas include starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency, and labor market regulation. The report provides aggregate rankings and distance to frontier (DTF) scores to assess how easy it is to do business in Tonga compared to other economies and the best practices globally.

Key Indicators and Rankings

Ease of Doing Business Ranking

• Tonga DB2017 Rank: 85
• Tonga DB2016 Rank: 76
• Change in Rank: -9 (moved down 9 positions)

Distance to Frontier (DTF) Score

• Tonga DB2017 DTF: 63.58
• Tonga DB2016 DTF: 63.83
• Change in DTF: -0.25 (slightly worse performance)

Comparators

• Australia DB2017: 90.85 (DTF)
• Kiribati DB2017: 76.29 (Getting Electricity)
• New Zealand: 99.96 (Starting a Business)
• Singapore: 94.46 (Registering Property)

Main Topics Covered

Starting a Business

• Rank: 55 (DB2017), 48 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 90.85
• Procedures (Men/Women): 4
• Time (Days): 16
• Cost (% of Income per Capita): 6.8
• Best Performer: New Zealand (Rank 1, DTF 99.96)

Dealing with Construction Permits

• Rank: 14 (DB2017), 7 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 80.96
• Procedures: 13
• Time (Days): 77
• Cost (% of Warehouse Value): 1.9
• Best Performer: New Zealand (Rank 1, DTF 87.40)

Getting Electricity

• Rank: 67 (DB2017), 64 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 76.29
• Procedures: 5
• Time (Days): 42
• Cost (% of Income per Capita): 85.9
• Best Performer: Korea, Rep. (Rank 1, DTF 99.88)

Registering Property

• Rank: 158 (DB2017), 156 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 44.64
• Procedures: 4
• Time (Days): 112
• Cost (% of Property Value): 15.1
• Best Performer: New Zealand (Rank 1, DTF 94.46)

Getting Credit

• Rank: 44 (DB2017), 42 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 65.00
• Procedures: 3
• Time (Days): 200
• Cost (% of Profit): 30.1
• Best Performer: New Zealand (Rank 1, DTF 100.00)

Protecting Minority Investors

• Rank: 123 (DB2017), 118 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 45.00
• Procedures: 4
• Time (Days): 350
• Cost (% of Claim): 30.5
• Best Performer: New Zealand (Rank 1, DTF 83.33)

Paying Taxes

• Rank: 80 (DB2017), 78 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 73.76
• Procedures: 30
• Time (Hours per Year): 200
• Total Tax Rate (% of Profit): 30.1
• Best Performer: United Arab Emirates (Rank 1, DTF 99.44)

Trading Across Borders

• Rank: 100 (DB2017), 98 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 68.20
• Time to Export (Border Compliance): 52 hours
• Cost to Export (Border Compliance): $201
• Time to Export (Documentary Compliance): 168 hours
• Cost to Export (Documentary Compliance): $70
• Best Performer: 10 Economies (Rank 1, DTF 100.00)

Enforcing Contracts

• Rank: 92 (DB2017), 91 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 57.32
• Time (Days): 350
• Cost (% of Claim): 30.5
• Best Performer: Korea, Rep. (Rank 1, DTF 84.15)

Resolving Insolvency

• Rank: 132 (DB2017), 131 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 33.82
• Time (Years): 2.7
• Recovery Rate (cents per dollar): 28.0
• Best Performer: Finland (Rank 1, DTF 93.89)

Key Methodological Changes in Doing Business 2017

• Paying Taxes: Expanded to include postfiling processes (tax refunds, audits, appeals).
• Gender Dimension: Added to four indicators (starting a business, registering property, enforcing contracts, and labor market regulation).
• New Pilot Indicator: Selling to the government.
• First-Time Inclusion: Somalia was included in the report, bringing the total number of economies to 190.

Important Notes

• The report does not include labor market regulation in the aggregate ease of doing business ranking or the distance to frontier score.
• The DTF score is used to measure the absolute distance from best practice, while the ease of doing business ranking shows relative performance across economies.
• The data for the report is current as of June 1, 2016, except for paying taxes, which covers January–December 2015.
• The report includes comparator economies to allow meaningful comparisons and benchmarking.

Conclusion

The Doing Business 2017 report provides a comprehensive overview of the regulatory environment in Tonga, highlighting areas where reforms could improve business efficiency and reduce costs. While Tonga maintains a relatively stable ranking, the DTF score suggests a slight decline in regulatory performance compared to the previous year. The inclusion of a gender dimension and new indicators reflects the report's evolving focus on inclusivity and modern regulatory practices. Policymakers in Tonga can use these findings to identify key areas for improvement and benchmark against other economies in the region and globally.