2023-02-11-世界卫生组织-Meningitis_Weekly_bulletin_6_to_12_February_2023_19页_1mb

报告摘要

Meningitis Weekly Bulletin Summary - 6th to 12th February 2023

I. Epidemiological Situation

During week 06 (6-12 February 2023), 14 countries reported epidemiological data. Overall, 1932 suspected meningitis cases, including 111 deaths (case fatality rate: 5.7%), were reported across Africa's meningitis belt countries.

Regional/Typhoid Distribution:

Burundi: Lowest case fatality rate (0.0%).
Niger: Highest case fatality rate (15.0%).
Week 06's Epidemic ThresholComparison with previous weeks: Total cases (1932) across weeks 01-06, data completeness low.
Impact by country: Nigeria had >600 cases, but data not complete for week 06. Cameroon reported 85 cases in weeks 01-04.
The epidemic threshold was crossed in one district in Togo, and alert thresholds met in three districts across three countries: Ghana, South Sudan, and Chad.

Notable: Four countries (Angola, Cote d'Ivoire, Namibia, Chad) reported deaths with very low incidences. Countries like Central African Republic and Kenya reported no cases.

II. Laboratory Data Summary

Districts: Of 989 laboratory samples received, 555 were pending analysis, 322 tested negative, and 112 tested positive. The most common identified pathogens were Neisseria meningitidis C (NmC) and Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Countries with Lab Data:

Main findings: Angola, Ghana, Burkina Faso, Niger, DR Congo.
Burkina Faso tested positive for several meningococcal types (NmB, NmW).
PCR used in the DR Congo for confirmation.

III. Action Points and Future Strategies

The report highlights several key actions to combat meningitis effectively:

1. Vaccination Campaigns

MenAfriVac Introduction: Guinea and Togo used vaccines provided by Guinea Bissau to fill gaps between campaigns. Efforts to vaccinate children ages 9–18 months and catch-up campaigns for children aged 1–9 years were successful.
Partnership: WHO, GAVI, UNICEF, and WFP provided critical support.

2. Lab Strengthening & Surveillance

Improve laboratory infrastructure for timely confirmation of cases.
Subdivide large at-risk districts for better outbreak detection.
Issues noted: Delays in data reporting, low sample submission, particularly near epidemic thresholds.

3. Preparedness for Next Outbreak:

Prepare epidemic response plans by December 2022.
Apply for ICG support quickly in case of large outbreaks.
Ensure 10 confirmed CSF lab results are provided to expedite ICG interventions.

4. Survivor Support & Community Outreach

Establish post-care systems for meningitis survivors, including database collection and clinical support.
Incorporate behavior change in control strategies.