UNDP-将循环性打造成国家自主贡献：一个实用的工具箱（英）-2023.10-73页_9mb

This document, "Building Circularity into Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) – A Practical Toolbox User Guide," published by UNEP, UNDP, and the UNFCCC secretariat, provides a comprehensive framework for integrating circular economy principles into climate policy. Circular economy, which focuses on keeping materials in use for as long as possible, can reduce greenhouse gas emissions, create jobs, and enhance climate resilience.

The toolbox is structured around a four-stage policy cycle:

1. Assess the problem: Use data like national GHG inventories and tools such as the Sustainable Consumption and Production Hotspot Tool (SCP-HAT) to identify priority sectors for interventions based on material use and emissions hotspots.
2. Define the circular economy response: Select interventions, such as product lifetime extension, extended producer responsibility, or industrial symbiosis, and assess their potential impacts using life cycle assessments and socio-economic analyses.
3. Implement circular economy for the NDC: Develop a coherent set of policy instruments, including regulations, incentives, and public procurement guidelines, and explore financing mechanisms like green bonds or innovative funding.
4. Track and report progress: Evaluate intervention effectiveness and report results through Biennial Transparency Reports (BTRs) under the Paris Agreement, ensuring alignment with NDC targets.

Key benefits include significant GHG emission reductions (e.g., up to 40 percent in sectors like cement or food systems), job creation (millions by 2030), and contributions to the Sustainable Development Goals. The guide emphasizes that circular economy can be a driver for a just transition, addressing issues like waste management and resource efficiency across various sectors.

Limitations and gaps include context-specific challenges, data scarcity, and the need for further development in measurement, reporting, and verification to link circular interventions effectively with NDCs. The toolbox is designed for policymakers and aims to support countries in enhancing their climate ambition through practical, evidence-based tools.