2012-05-04-世界卫生组织-The_capacity,_capabilities_and_needs_of_the_WHO_BioDoseNet_Member_Laboratories_10页_447kb

WHO Biodosimetry Network (BioDoseNet) Member Laboratory Capabilities: Current State and Challenges

BioDoseNet, launched by WHO in 2007, aims to coordinate global cytogenetic biodosimetry laboratories for emergency response. Its core biodosimetry method is the dicentric chromosome assay (DCA), supplemented by other techniques like FISH and CBMN. The network's effectiveness relies on harmonizing standards, improving surge capacity, and fostering international collaboration.

Survey Findings (57 Labs from 38 Countries)

1. Geographical Distribution and Institutional Type: Labs are primarily in radiation protection and emergency response institutions. While 44% are in radiation protection authorities and 40% in civilian research institutes, an increasing number are establishing dedicated emergency response networks (e.g., national) and regional organizations.

2. Technical Capabilities:

   • DCA: Widely used (almost universal capability), but only 50% perform calibration curves.
   • Other Assays: PCC and gH2AX foci are less common; FISH is used by about 50%. Many labs lack international protocols for transport and customs clearance.

3. Surge Capacity: Overall international processing capacity was estimated at over 3,000 samples/week. However, maintaining this capacity during sustained emergencies remains a challenge due to limited personnel and supplies.

4. Network Participation: BioDoseNet has 65 member labs, but only 36 (63%) belong to some national or international network. Many countries rely on local emergency response systems, though global coordination is still emerging.

5. Needs and Limitations:

   • Lack of Funding: Basic reagents (e.g., PHA) cannot always be procured.
   • QA/QC: Only about 60% employ standard-compliant procedures.
   • Personnel Shortage: High demand for skilled cytogeneticists, especially for rapid scoring and dose calculation.

Key Challenges and Recommendations

• Harmonization of protocols and calibration curves is critical to ensure data consistency globally.
• Training programs for personnel and the widespread adoption of automated systems can help address throughput limitations.
• Networks like BioDoseNet must improve coordination and capacity sharing among member labs to enhance global emergency response.

Summary

BioDoseNet unites over 65 global biodosimetry labs, enhancing emergency capacity through standardized practices, training, and international collaboration. Despite progress in DCA methodology, funding shortages, personnel training gaps, and inconsistent QA/QC remain key concerns for effective radiation biodosimetry.