2017年-世界发展银行全球_Economy_Profile_of_Guatemala_71页_1mb

Doing Business 2018 Summary: Guatemala

Core Content

The Doing Business 2018 report evaluates the regulatory environment for businesses in 190 economies, focusing on key areas that impact the ease of doing business. It provides objective data on procedures, time, and costs for various business-related tasks, including starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, and resolving insolvency. The report also measures labor market regulation. The data for Guatemala are based on the business environment in Guatemala City.

Main Indicators and Performance

Key Information

1. Doing Business Project Overview

• Objective: Measures business regulations and their enforcement across 190 economies.
• Indicators Covered: 11 key areas including starting a business, construction permits, electricity, property registration, credit, minority investor protection, taxes, trade, contract enforcement, and insolvency resolution.
• Methodology: Uses a standardized business model and compares performance to the "frontier" (best-performing economies) using a Distance to Frontier (DTF) score (0–100), with 0 as the lowest performance and 100 as the best.
• Ranking: Economies are ranked from 1 (best) to 190 (worst) based on DTF scores.

2. Guatemala's Business Environment

• Region: Latin America & Caribbean
• Income Category: Lower middle income
• Population: 16,582,469
• GNI Per Capita: US$3,790
• City Covered: Guatemala City
• DTF Score (Starting a Business): 22.9%
• Ease of Doing Business Ranking: Based on the DTF score, which is the average of the scores for each component indicator.

3. Starting a Business in Guatemala

• Legal Form: Sociedad Anónima (SA) – Corporation
• Paid-in Minimum Capital: GTQ 5,000 (16.3% of income per capita)
• Procedures: 8 procedures for men and 8 for women
• Time: 26.5 days for men and 26.5 days for women
• Cost: 22.9% of income per capita
• Key Steps:
  1. Check company name and obtain a notary letter to open a bank account (3 days, GTQ 30)
  2. Deposit subscribed capital in a bank and obtain a receipt (1 day, no charge)
  3. Notary draws the deed of constitution (1 day, included in procedure 4)
  4. Notary completes registration forms and pays fees online (less than one day, GTQ 5,000 + GTQ 250 + GTQ 300 + GTQ 112 + GTQ 275 + GTQ 15 + GTQ 75 + GTQ 100)
  5. Obtain legal representative's certification, tax registration, and edict (5 days, no charge)
  6. Publish the edict and allow opposition period (2 days for edict, 8 days for opposition)
  7. Obtain Articles of Incorporation certificate, commercial license, social security number, and book authorization (3 days, GTQ 250)
  8. Register employees with the Guatemalan Social Security Institute (IGSS) (1 day, no charge)

4. Dealing with Construction Permits in Guatemala

• Procedures: 12 procedures
• Time: 205 days
• Cost: 7.0% of warehouse value (GTQ 1,537,118.70)
• Building Quality Control Index: 11.0 (0–15 scale)
• Key Steps:
  1. Request and obtain a feasibility study by EMPAGUA (40 days, GTQ 6,132)
  2. Obtain project approval from the Ministry of Health (30 days, no charge)
  3. Hire an environmental specialist and obtain an environmental assessment (14 days, GTQ 14,000)
  4. Verify compliance with NDR-2 (14 days, no charge)
  5. Request and obtain certificate of land ownership (8 days, GTQ 50)
  6. Submit a simple industrial report (1 day, no charge)
  7. Submit environmental assessment and receive approval from MARN (75 days, GTQ 9,050)
  8. Request and obtain a construction license (14 days, GTQ 70,232)

5. Key Features of the Report

• Comparative Analysis: The report allows comparison of Guatemala with other economies and regions.
• Subnational Data: It provides data for cities and regions, enabling local comparisons.
• Standardized Assumptions:
  • Business is a limited liability company.
  • Procedures are assumed to be completed without bribes.
  • All required information is readily available.
  • The entrepreneur is assumed to be 30 years old, married, and has no criminal record.
• Online Procedures: These are counted as 0.5 days in the total time calculation.

6. Purpose of the Report

• Encourages Reform: The report aims to help economies reform their regulatory frameworks to improve the business environment.
• Provides Benchmarks: It offers measurable benchmarks for reform and serves as a resource for academics, journalists, and private sector researchers.
• Supports Transparency: By collecting and analyzing data, it promotes transparency and accountability in business regulation.