2025-01-01-世界卫生组织-Environmental_Health_Fiji_2024_country_profile_3页_176kb

Fiji Health and Environment Scorecard Summary

• Air Pollution: Fiji's PM2.5 levels are below WHO guidelines (7 μg/m³ annually vs. target 5 μg/m³), but air pollution causes significant health impacts, including stroke and ischemic heart disease. Policies are insufficient, scoring 30/100 for implementation. Insufficient data on other pollution-related diseases and deaths from air pollution.

• Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH): Only 58% of the population has access to safe drinking water and sanitation, leading to high risks of diarrheal diseases. Less than half (44%) of health care facilities lack proper WASH services, and infrastructure is inadequate.

• Climate Change: Fiji faces climate vulnerability, with potential increases in heat-related deaths. It has a climate adaptation plan and commitment to net-zero emissions, including a national assessment under high emissions scenarios. Only 72% of facilities are climate-resilient, and efforts to reduce reliance on fossil fuels are present but incomplete.

• Biodiversity: Fiji has not submitted a post-COP15 biodiversity strategy and lacks progress toward conserving 30% of land and marine areas. Large forest losses (+21% since 1990, or +2,000 km²) are noted, but insufficient data to quantify changes fully.

• Chemicals: Lead levels in children are low (<1 μg/dL), but insufficient data on poisonings and IHR capacity for chemical events. The Minamata Convention on Mercury is not fully attained, and no national regulations on artificial tanning exist.

• Radiation: Deaths from melanoma and other skin cancers are low (20 per 100,000), but insufficient IHR capacity and regulations on radon and electromagnetic fields are lacking.

• Occupational Health: High risks from long working hours (7% of working-age population die from related diseases), and only about half of labor conventions on safety are ratified. Insufficient data on informal employment percentages.

• Health Care Facilities: Most facilities lack basic services, with only 32% having climate resilience measures. Rates of reliable electricity supply are low. Waste management and hygiene standards are insufficient in many cases.

Overall, Fiji shows some commitments to climate and health policies, but faces significant challenges in health impacts from air pollution, inadequate WASH infrastructure, insufficient chemical and radiation regulations, and biodiversity loss. Insufficient data in many areas hinders comprehensive assessment.