2025-04-21-世界卫生组织-Influenza_at_the_human-animal_interface_summary_and_assessment,_22_April_2025_7页_261kb

报告摘要

Influenza A(H5N1):
- New human infections reported in Cambodia, India, Mexico, and Viet Nam during this period.
- Cases involved children and an adult with underlying conditions; outcomes included fatalities and one recovery.
- Cases linked to exposure to poultry and contaminated environments.
Influenza A(H9N2):
- Three human cases reported in China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan provinces), related to poultry exposure.
- Cases resulted in mild to moderate illness; contact tracing showed no further spread.

Overall Global Risk: The current public health risk from avian influenza viruses at the human-animal interface remains low.
Sustained Human-to-Human Transmission: No sustained transmission has been observed for A(H5N1) or A(H9N2). The likelihood remains considered unlikely.
International Spread: While infected travellers may carry these viruses internationally, further community-level spread is considered unlikely due to limited transmissibility between humans.

Surveillance: Continue global surveillance in humans and animals to detect changes in influenza viruses, including through enhanced monitoring of influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory infections (SARI).
Public Health Measures: Avoid contact with sick or dead animals (especially poultry and wild birds). Ensure good food hygiene, including proper cooking of poultry and eggs, and avoid raw milk.
WHO Recommendations: Laboratories should report new influenza subtypes and share viral sequences for risk assessments under the Pandemic Influenza Preparedness (PIP) Framework.

WHO guidance on risk assessment, case definitions, and investigation protocols.
Links to resources on disease reporting, surveillance protocols, and risk mitigation.

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