2023-07-12-Devinit-英国在充满挑战的全球背景下的援助趋势（英）_24页_341kb

UK ODA Trends in a Challenging Global Context Summary

1. Overall Trends

   • UK is the fifth largest ODA donor in volume terms, but its growth has lagged behind G7 peers due to cuts since 2020 exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic and the Ukraine conflict.
   • ODA increased by 11.8% in 2022 due to higher spending on refugees, but this did not keep pace with global needs.
   • UK ODA fell by 25% after excluding in-donor refugee costs, while G7 countries increased ODA by 74% over the same period (excluding refugee costs).

2. In-donor Refugee Costs

   • In-donor refugee costs peaked at £3.5 billion (US$4.8 billion) in 2022, a 234% increase compared to 2021.
   • This accounted for 29% of UK ODA, significantly higher than the average DAC country, and the UK has the highest cost per capita in Europe at roughly US$24,000 per refugee.

3. Africa’s Share Declines

   • Africa’s share of FCDO bilateral aid dropped from 30% in 2021 to 24% in 2022, reflecting shifting donor priorities.
   • The increase in non-allocable aid (45% of FCDO spending), largely driven by contributions to development finance institutions and COVID-related initiatives, obscures the true regional focus.

4. Challenges for Global Context

   • UK struggles to meet its 0.7% GNI ODA target until at least 2027/28 due to energy subsidies and fiscal constraints.
   • Multilateral aid fell by 33% in 2022, while humanitarian aid increased due to Ukraine support.

5. Drivers

   • Non-allocable aid rose due to reporting changes, administrative costs, and temporary projects like COVAX and BII, reducing transparency and accountability in regional aid distribution.

6. Organisational Note

   • The analysis relies on OECD DAC data and UK ODA statistics. Data accuracy could improve with harmonized reporting by donors.

This briefing underscores that while the UK remains a significant ODA player, its effectiveness is challenged by poor regional focus during conflicts, rising refugee costs, and prioritization issues.