2010-04-09-美国商务部-Exports_Support_American_Jobs_12页_257kb

报告摘要

Report: U.S. Department of Commerce Report 1
Main Point: U.S. exports supported a record 10.3 million jobs in 2008, highlighting their critical role in the economy during a period of global recovery.
Methodology: Input-output (IO) analysis was used to measure jobs supported by exports, with data from 1993 to 2008 and preliminary estimates for 2009 and 2010. The analysis involved an interagency panel including government and private-sector experts.

Historical Growth: Export-supported jobs increased steadily, reaching a record high in 2008 after recovering from the economic downturn in 2007.
Job Count: Approximately 10.3 million jobs supported in 2008, compared to 7.6 million in 2003.
Economic Impact: Exports account for 12.7% of U.S. GDP, a record high since 1916, with exports valued at nearly $1.7 trillion in 2008.
Downturn and Recovery: During 2008–2009, jobs supported by exports dropped due to a weak global economy, but recovery is expected in 2010, projecting increases in opportunities for U.S. businesses.
Value Per Job: The average value per export job was $165,000 in 2008, up from $150,000 in 2009 and forecasted to reach $185,000 in 2010.
Good vs. Services: Goods exports supported 7.5 million jobs (73% of total), with a value per job of $150,000. Services exports supported 2.8 million jobs (27%) with a higher value per job of $203,000.
Key Industries: Manufacturing accounted for 36% of export-supported jobs, followed by professional and business services (20%). Exports also significantly impacted sectors like agriculture and wholesale trade.

IO Analysis: Reflects average accounting relationships but does not capture dynamic changes or individual job impacts.
Caveats: Job-support ratios are sensitive to factors like productivity, capacity utilization, and industry-specific labor intensity, which vary across exports.
Predictions: Forecasts suggest continued growth in export-related jobs, driven by economic recovery and product innovation.

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