2022-07-05-世界卫生组织-Immunization_Lebanon_2022_country_profile_28页_404kb

报告摘要

Analysis and Summary of WHO and UNICEF Immunization Coverage Estimates for Lebanon (2021 Revision)

Date: July 8, 2022
Next Revision: July 15, 2023
Estimates Based on Data Received: Up to July 7, 2022

Overview

The report details estimates of national immunization coverage in Lebanon for various vaccines from 2010 to 2021. It highlights several key characteristics:

Data Quality and Confidence: The quality of available data varies. WHO and UNICEF assign a 'Grade of Confidence' (GoC) to estimates. For Lebanon, most estimates in the revision period (2019-2021) have a GoC of '•••', meaning they are well-supported by reported data (R+) calibrated with an independent population estimate (D+) and/or supported by at least one survey within the last 2 years (S+). However, there are frequent indications ('Estimate challenged by: D-R-', '••', etc.) acknowledging ongoing data limitations. The GoC reflects data support, not the quality reported by authorities.
Challenges Identified: Lebanons̀ immunization programs face persistent challenges, including data reliability concerns highlighted by programme notes ("Reported data excluded"), difficulties in accurate monitoring of vaccinated numbers and target populations, lack of single year-of-age information impacting denominator accuracy, and use of crude approximations. Numerator estimation for private providers relies on vaccine purchase records, raising potential biases.
Impact of Crises: Coverage has been significantly impacted by crises, notably the Syrian influx (occuring around 2013-2014) and the COVID-19 pandemic (particularly in 2020). Disparities in coverage remain evident across different population groups, with lower reported coverage observed among Syrian subpopulations, especially recent arrivals. This is often attributed to population influx estimates not being reflected in national reporting by the Ministry of Public Health.
Estimation Methodology: Where national reported data is unreliable or unavailable, estimates are primarily based on calibrated survey data, administrative records, or independent population projections. Frequently, estimates are interpolated between years where direct data is lacking or based on survey results for specific cohorts (noted in descriptions for MCV1/DTP1, HepB3, etc.).
UNICEF-WAENUIC Methodology: Wennesuic estimates are based solely on country-specific data, without borrowing from other nations or subjective certainty ranges.
GoC Levels: The estimated GoC ranges:
- •••: Well-supported (>6 sources typically).
- ••: Supported by at least one source.
- •: No independently supporting data.
  D-R-, D-R, etc.: Explicitly challenge the estimate (reason provided).
  ••• indicates the highest level of empirical support among the categories, though not necessarily perfect data quality per se. Lebanons` estimates consistently show a reliance on calibrations and surveys, often challenging direct reported data.

Lebanese Government

The report notes instances where the Lebanese Government does not concur with Wennesuic estimates regarding vaccination coverage.

Conclusion

The report underscores the complex and evolving situation regarding Lebanon's immunization coverage. While some vaccines show stable trends, significant disruptions due to migration and pandemics, coupled with data reporting challenges, complicate accurate assessment. UNICEF and WHO provide estimates with varying confidence levels, often calibrated using available survey and administrative data, and frequently challenge national reporting to reflect potential biases or gaps. The emphasis is on improving data quality and conducting high-quality surveys for reliable coverage estimates.

Key Focus: Lebanon, Immunization Coverage, WHO-UNICEF Estimates, Data Quality, COVID-19 Impact, Syrian Influx, Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis (DTP), Polio (Pol3/IPV1), Measles (MCV), Hepatitis B (HepB), Pneumococcal (PCV3), Rubella (RCV), Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib3), Rotavirus (RotaC).