2015-12-31-世界卫生组织-2016_GYTS_Fact_Sheet_Kosovo_2页_306kb

GYTS Summary: Kosovo 2016

Core Content

The Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) is a standardized global survey that monitors youth tobacco use and tracks key tobacco control indicators. It is part of the Global Tobacco Surveillance System (GTSS) and supports countries in meeting their obligations under the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). The MPOWER package outlines six key demand reduction measures, including monitoring tobacco use, protecting people from tobacco smoke, offering help to quit, warning about dangers, enforcing bans on tobacco advertising, and raising taxes.

The GYTS survey in Kosovo (2016) was conducted among students aged 13 to 15 years, using a two-stage sample design. Schools were selected based on enrollment size, and classes were randomly chosen. All eligible students in the selected classes participated, resulting in a 94.6% response rate. A total of 5,031 students completed the survey, with 3,895 aged 13-15 years. The data are weighted to be nationally representative of this age group.

Key Findings

Tobacco Use

• Current tobacco users: 8.8% of students, with 11.7% of boys and 5.6% of girls.
• Current smokers: 7.1% of students, with 10.1% of boys and 4.0% of girls.
• Current cigarette smokers: 4.4% of students, with 6.5% of boys and 2.2% of girls.
• Frequent cigarette smokers: 1.0% of students, with 1.7% of boys and 0.3% of girls.
• Current users of other tobacco products: 3.7% of students, with 5.2% of boys and 2.1% of girls.
• Ever tobacco users: 26.5% of students, with 32.7% of boys and 20.1% of girls.
• Ever cigarette users: 22.0% of students, with 27.3% of boys and 16.6% of girls.
• Ever users of other tobacco products: 9.2% of students, with 12.7% of boys and 5.4% of girls.

Smokeless Tobacco Use

• Current smokeless tobacco users: 2.8% of students, with 3.2% of boys and 2.4% of girls.
• Ever smokeless tobacco users: 5.6% of students, with 6.2% of boys and 4.9% of girls.

Electronic Cigarettes

• Current electronic cigarette users: 4.9% of students, with 6.5% of boys and 3.1% of girls.

Cessation

• 60.3% of current smokers tried to stop smoking in the past 12 months.
• 58.9% of current smokers wanted to stop smoking now.
• 78.5% of current smokers thought they would be able to quit if they wanted.
• 11.4% of current smokers received help or advice to quit.

Secondhand Smoke Exposure

• 47.8% of students were exposed to tobacco smoke at home.
• 43.8% of students were exposed to tobacco smoke in enclosed public places.
• 43.3% of students were exposed to tobacco smoke in outdoor public places.
• 53.6% of students saw someone smoking inside the school or on school property.

Access and Availability

• 75.6% of current cigarette smokers bought cigarettes from a store, shop, street vendor, or kiosk.
• 68.7% of current cigarette smokers were not prevented from buying cigarettes due to their age.

Media Exposure

• 36.7% of students noticed tobacco advertisements or promotions at points of sale.
• 79.6% of students saw tobacco use in TV, videos, or movies.
• 6.1% of students were ever offered a free tobacco product by a company representative.
• 8.6% of students had items with tobacco brand logos.

Anti-Tobacco Messages

• 69.9% of students noticed anti-tobacco messages in the media.
• 51.1% of students saw anti-tobacco messages at sporting or community events.
• 32.3% of current smokers thought about quitting because of warning labels.
• 62.8% of students were taught about the dangers of tobacco use in the past 12 months.

Knowledge and Attitudes

• 77.9% of students definitely thought that other people’s tobacco smoking was harmful to them.
• 94.3% of students favored prohibiting smoking in enclosed public places.
• 82.7% of students favored prohibiting smoking in outdoor public places.
• 29.7% of students thought it was difficult to quit once they started smoking.
• 23.2% of students thought smoking helped people feel more comfortable at social events.

Main Points

• GYTS is a global standard for monitoring youth tobacco use and tobacco control indicators.
• It is a cross-sectional, school-based survey targeting students aged 13-15.
• The survey is anonymous and uses standardized questionnaires.
• In Kosovo (2016), 8.8% of students used any tobacco products.
• Boys had higher rates of tobacco use than girls across all categories.
• Anti-tobacco messages were more widely noticed than tobacco advertisements.
• Over 90% of students supported smoking bans in enclosed public places.
• 68.7% of current cigarette smokers were not prevented from buying due to age, indicating a lack of effective age restrictions.

Conclusion

The GYTS 2016 survey in Kosovo provides a comprehensive overview of youth tobacco use and related behaviors. It highlights the gender differences in tobacco use, the prevalence of secondhand smoke exposure, and the effectiveness of anti-tobacco media campaigns. The results emphasize the need for stronger tobacco control policies, particularly in preventing youth access to tobacco products and promoting awareness of the health risks associated with tobacco use.