2007-03-10-世界卫生组织-Meningitis_Week_10,_5_March_2007_to_11_March_2007_8页_498kb

MDSC Meningitis Weekly Bulletin Summary (Week 10, 2007)

This report summarizes the epidemiological situation for Week 10 (March 5-11, 2007) and synthesizes data for Weeks 1-10 2007.

I. Epidemiological Situation Week 10 (March 5-11, 2007)

• Countries with Activity: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Tchad, Togo.

• Alerts/Epidemic Districts:

  • Benin: 1 district (Ouaké) in alert phase.
  • Burkina Faso: 22 districts in epidemic phase, 9 districts in alert phase.
  • Cote d'Ivoire: No alerts or epidemic districts mentioned.
  • Mali: No districts reported from.
  • Niger: No districts reported from.
  • Nigeria: 2 districts (Anka in Zanfara, Tofa in Kano) in alert phase.
  • Tchad: 1 district (Gore) in epidemic phase.
  • Togo: No districts reported from.

• Total Cases (Week 10): 542 cases reported.

• Total Deaths (Week 10): 172 deaths (case fatality ratio approximately 6.8%).

• Case Distribution by Country (Week 10): Burkina Faso reported the highest number of cases (251), followed by Tchad (73) and Nigeria (33). Niger reported 44 cases.

II. Synthesis of Epidemiological Situation 2007 (Weeks 1-10)

• Most Active Countries (Cumulative Cases): Burkina Faso (733 cases), Nigeria (490 cases), Cote d'Ivoire (336 cases), Tchad (348 cases).
• Countries with Alert/Epidemic Districts: Burkina Faso (7 epidemic districts, some with high attack rates), Nigeria, Togo, Chad (1 district each), Central African Republic, Cameroon, Ethiopia (remaining silent/were less active).
• Case Distribution (Weeks 1-10): Burkina Faso reported a large proportion of cases recorded (583 out of 1027 reported cases nationwide in Weeks 1-10), with 25 epidemic districts. Nigeria reported 64.6% of weekends but 97.4% districts with activity. Niger had 100% recorded weekends and 100% districts with activity in the observed period.
• Case Fatality Ratio (CFR): Nigeria reported the highest CFR (11.4%) in the first ten weeks of the year.

III. Pathogen Identification (Weeks 1-10)

• Meningococcus Serogroup A (NmA): Burkina Faso reported most cases identified via PCR as NmA. Niger (likely typo: 'Ndéga' mentioned but data shows NmA) and Mali noted detection of NmA cases, potentially surpassing Streptococcus pneumoniae.
• Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) and Hib: Several countries (Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger, Togo) reported cases/potential detection of SP or Hemophilus influenzae type B infections.
• Total Pathogen Identification Attempts: Reports by PCR/Latex/Culture from several countries, primarily localized.

IV. Data Representation & Trends

• District-Level Attack Rates: Maps highlighted districts with high attack rates within reporting countries (Burkina Faso, Nigeria, Tchad).
• Cumulative Attack Rates: A summary map showed districts exceeding baseline or epidemic thresholds (based on week-by-week data interpretation) during weeks 1-10.
• Comparative Trends (Ghana, Nigeria): Data graphs indicated cumulative case numbers over the yearly period, suggesting an ongoing significant burden, potentially fluctuating yearly (focused graph examples).