2016年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_Economy_Profile_2017___Kazakhstan_116页_1mb

Doing Business 2017: Kazakhstan Summary

Core Content

The Doing Business 2017 report provides a comprehensive analysis of the regulatory environment for businesses in Kazakhstan and compares it with other economies. It evaluates 11 key areas of business regulation, including starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency, and labor market regulation. The report introduces new features, such as a gender component in several indicators and the inclusion of Somalia in the dataset.

Key Indicators and Rankings

Ease of Doing Business Ranking

• Kazakhstan DB2017 Rank: 35
• Kazakhstan DB2016 Rank: 51*
• Change in Rank: Improved by 16 positions
• Kazakhstan DTF Score (2017): 75.09
• Kazakhstan DTF Score (2016): 70.45
• Change in DTF Score: Increased by 4.64 points

Note: DB2016 ranking is a comparable ranking, not the previously published one, reflecting data revisions and methodology changes.

Starting a Business

• Rank: 45 (2017) / 54 (2016)
• DTF Score: 91.94 (2017) / 89.95 (2016)
• Procedures (Men): 5 (2017) / 6 (2016)
• Time (Men): 9 days (2017) / 11 days (2016)
• Cost (Men): 0.3% (2017) / 0.5% (2016)
• Procedures (Women): 5
• Time (Women): 9 days
• Cost (Women): 0.3%
• Best Performer: New Zealand (Rank 1, DTF 99.96)

Dealing with Construction Permits

• Rank: 22 (2017) / 78 (2016)
• DTF Score: 79.05 (2017) / 69.93 (2016)
• Procedures: 13 (2017) / 21 (2016)
• Time: 68 days (2017) / 151 days (2016)
• Cost: 1.3% of warehouse value
• Best Performer: New Zealand (DTF 87.40)

Getting Electricity

• Rank: 75 (2017) / 102 (2016)
• DTF Score: 73.64 (2017) / 64.81 (2016)
• Procedures: 7 (2017) / 8 (2016)
• Time: 77 days (2017) / 91 days (2016)
• Cost: 50.6% of income per capita
• Best Performer: Republic of Korea (DTF 99.88)

Registering Property

• Rank: 18 (2017) / 18 (2016)
• DTF Score: 83.72 (2017) / 83.59 (2016)
• Procedures: 3 (2017) / 3 (2016)
• Time: 3.5 days (2017) / 4.5 days (2016)
• Cost: 0.1% of property value
• Best Performer: New Zealand (DTF 94.46)

Getting Credit

• Rank: 75 (2017) / 70 (2016)
• DTF Score: 55.00 (2017) / 55.00 (2016)
• Strength of Legal Rights Index: 4.0
• Depth of Credit Information Index: 7.0
• Credit Bureau Coverage: 52.0% (2017) / 81.4% (2016)
• Best Performer: New Zealand (DTF 100.00)

Protecting Minority Investors

• Rank: 3 (2017) / 25 (2016)
• DTF Score: 80.00 (2017) / 66.67 (2016)
• Strength of Minority Investor Protection Index: 8.0
• Conflict of Interest Regulation Index: 8.0
• Shareholder Governance Index: 8.0
• Best Performer: New Zealand (DTF 83.33)

Paying Taxes

• Rank: 60 (2017) / 57 (2016)
• DTF Score: 79.54 (2017) / 79.54 (2016)
• Payments (per year): 7
• Time (hours per year): 178.0
• Total Tax Rate (% of profit): 29.2%
• Postfiling Index: 49.1
• Best Performer: United Arab Emirates (DTF 99.44)

Trading Across Borders

• Rank: 119 (2017) / 128 (2016)
• DTF Score: 63.19 (2017) / 60.39 (2016)
• Time to Export (Border Compliance): 133 hours
• Cost to Export (Border Compliance): $574
• Time to Export (Documentary Compliance): 128 hours
• Cost to Export (Documentary Compliance): $320
• Time to Import (Border Compliance): 2 hours
• Cost to Import (Border Compliance): $0
• Best Performer: 10 Economies (DTF 100.00)

Enforcing Contracts

• Rank: 9 (2017) / 9 (2016)
• DTF Score: 75.70 (2017) / 75.70 (2016)
• Time: 370 days
• Cost (% of claim): 22.0
• Quality of Judicial Processes Index: 13.0
• Best Performer: Republic of Korea (DTF 84.15)

Resolving Insolvency

• Rank: 37 (2017) / 46 (2016)
• DTF Score: 69.17 (2017) / 58.97 (2016)
• Recovery Rate (cents on the dollar): 41.4
• Time (years): 1.5
• Cost (% of estate): 15.0
• Strength of Insolvency Framework Index: 15.0
• Best Performer: Finland (DTF 93.89)

Main Points and Findings

• Kazakhstan has improved its ease of doing business ranking significantly, moving up by 16 positions from 2016 to 2017.
• The distance to frontier (DTF) score increased by 4.64 points, indicating progress toward regulatory best practices.
• The report introduces gender dimensions in several indicators, highlighting differences in procedures and costs for men and women.
• Starting a business has seen notable improvements, with a DTF score of 91.94 and fewer procedures (5) compared to 2016.
• Dealing with construction permits remains one of the most challenging areas, with a DTF score of 79.05 and a time of 68 days.
• Getting electricity is relatively efficient compared to other economies, with a DTF score of 73.64 and a time of 77 days.
• Registering property is one of the most efficient areas in Kazakhstan, with a DTF score of 83.72 and a time of 3.5 days.
• Getting credit is a moderate challenge, with a DTF score of 55.00 and a time of 178 hours per year.
• Protecting minority investors has improved, with a DTF score of 80.00 and a rank of 3.
• Paying taxes is a moderate challenge, with a DTF score of 79.54 and a time of 178 hours per year.
• Trading across borders is a major challenge, with a DTF score of 63.19 and high costs and time for both exports and imports.
• Enforcing contracts is relatively efficient, with a DTF score of 75.70 and a time of 370 days.
• Resolving insolvency is a moderate challenge, with a DTF score of 69.17 and a recovery rate of 41.4 cents per dollar.

Key Features of the Report

• The report includes a gender component in several indicators, providing a more nuanced understanding of how regulations affect different groups.
• It introduces a new pilot indicator on selling to the government.
• Somalia is included for the first time, bringing the total number of economies covered to 190.
• The methodology has been updated to include postfiling processes in the paying taxes indicator, such as tax refunds, audits, and appeals.
• The report is available on the Doing Business website, and the data can be used to identify regulatory reforms and their impact on economic outcomes.

Conclusion

Kazakhstan has made progress in improving its business environment, particularly in areas such as starting a business and registering property. However, challenges remain in areas like trading across borders and resolving insolvency. The introduction of gender-based indicators and updated methodology enhances the report's relevance and utility for policymakers.