2008-04-22-世界卫生组织-IASC_Guidelines_on_Mental_Health_andPsychosocial_Support_in_Emergency_Settings_103页_813kb

The IASC Guidelines on Mental Health and Psychosocial Support (MHPSS) in Emergency Settings provide a comprehensive framework for humanitarian actors to address the psychosocial and mental health needs of affected populations during emergencies. The guidelines emphasize a human rights-based approach, integration with other sectors, community participation, and the prevention of harm. The core principles include human rights, equity, participation, no harm, building on local resources, an integrated support system, and multi-layered supports.

These guidelines are structured around a matrix of interventions that outline actions for emergency preparedness, minimum responses during the acute phase of an emergency, and comprehensive responses in the recovery phase. The minimum responses focus on essential, high-priority actions to protect and improve mental health and psychosocial well-being. Key MHPSS domains include coordination, assessment, protection for vulnerable groups, human resources for mental health, community mobilization and support, health services, education, dissemination of information, food security and nutrition, shelter, and water and sanitation.

The guidelines advocate for a layered intervention approach (basic services and security, community and family supports, communal cultural, spiritual, and religious healing practices, and specialized services); the use of culturally appropriate and accessible interventions; and the integration of MHPSS into broader humanitarian efforts.

The IASC matrix serves as a tool to coordinate responses, identify gaps, and ensure comprehensive psychosocial support throughout emergency phases, reflecting insights from numerous agencies worldwide.