世界银行-揭示不健康饮食的经济成本_一种新方法及其在埃塞俄比亚和菲律宾的国家应用（英）-2025_99页_2mb

The technical report introduces a new methodology to estimate the economic costs of unhealthy diets, covering child stunting and diet-related noncommunicable diseases in adults. It was applied in Ethiopia and the Philippines using outdated data as a proof of concept. Key findings include that approximately 45-50% of child stunting costs in these countries are attributable to unhealthy diets, varying by country. For adult diet-related NCD costs, estimates range from 0.74-1.58% of GDP in the Philippines and Ethiopia, respectively. Unhealthy diets are prevalent across all body mass index categories, indicating that focusing solely on obesity may underestimate true costs. Methodological limitations include the lack of real-time data and challenges in linking diet directly to health outcomes. The study underscores the need for better data collection and cross-sectoral policies to address the double burden of malnutrition and rising NCD costs.