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WOMEN, BUSINESS AND THE LAW GLOBAL INDICATORS BRIEF NO. 14

Title: Safeguarding the Rights of Women with Disabilities to Family Life, Work, and Protection from Gender-based Violence

Key Findings & Recommendations

1. Legal Barriers & Enforcement

• Current Gaps:

  • Parental Rights: Only 27% of economies provide legal protections for women with disabilities in parental responsibilities (e.g., financial aid, non-discrimination clauses).
  • Labor Market: 6/111 economies with reasonable accommodation mandates specifically mention women with disabilities; labor participation rates: 29.3 pp lower than nondisabled men (UNDESA 2018).
  • Violence Protection: 51/160 domestic violence laws explicitly protect women with disabilities (intersectionality required); only 17% mandate service accessibility for survivors.

• Notable Practices:

  • Ethiopia: New law (2008) requires employers to consider gender-disability intersections in accommodations and protection from violence.
  • Korea (Rep.): Specialized shelters with tailored services for women with disabilities.

2. Economic Empowerment & Policy Failures

• Employment Disparities: Women with disabilities are 48.5 pp less employed than nondisabled men (ILO 2019).
  • Quote: "The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) promotes reasonable accommodations—necessary modifications not imposing undue burden." (CRPD Article 27).
• Policy Deficits:
  • 65% of economies lack employment incentives (e.g., quotas, tax breaks) for women with disabilities.
  • Abusive practices like forced sterilization persist in some regions (National Women’s Law Center 2022).

3. Violence and Access to Justice

• Higher Risk: Women with disabilities face 85-93% increased likelihood of gender-based violence (UN Women Business & Law data).
  • Intersectional Protection: Laws must consider disability as a vulnerability factor—e.g., Peru mandates intersectional approaches in violence response.
• Service Accessibility: 17% of economies ensure survivors with disabilities can access services; barriers include stigma and inadequate training.

4. Failures & Recommendations

• Global Shortfall: Only 14% of economies legally protect maternal rights; <3% promote labor market inclusion for women with disabilities.
• Key Recommendations:
  1. Inclusive Legislation: Strengthen legal frameworks that explicitly address women's specific needs at multiple socioeconomic levels.
  2. Promote Intersectional Approaches: Integrate disability and gender analysis into labor policies and violence response systems.
  3. Mechanism Enforcement: Enhance implementation (e.g., Ethiopia), including meaningful involvement of Organizations of Persons with Disabilities in policy design.
  4. Baseline Measures: Collect sex-disability-disability-disability differential data to track progress toward equitable outcomes.

Promising Practices

• Benin: Non-discrimination clauses in parental rights laws.
• Ethiopia: Proclamation mandates gender-disability intersection analysis and protection against workplace violence.
• Kuwait: Extended maternity benefits for disabled mothers in public service.
• Peru: Laws requiring intersectional violence responses.
• Spain: Additional maternity benefits for disabled women.

Conclusion

Current policies perpetuate inequalities by failing to address the unique intersection of gender, disability, and socioeconomic opportunities. Urgent legal and policy reforms— incorporating disability-inclusive language and robust implementation mechanisms—are needed to achieve full participation and rights protection for women with disabilities globally.