2009-11-16-世界卫生组织-Case_definitions_for_the_four_diseases_requiring_notification_to_WHO_in_all_circumstances_under_the_IHR_2005_4页_58kb

Summary of Notifiable Diseases under IHR (2005)

A. Human Influenza Caused by a New Subtype

States Parties must immediately notify WHO for any laboratory-confirmed case of recent human infection with influenza A virus having pandemic potential. Pandemic potential is indicated if the hemagglutinin gene is not a variant of H1 or H3, and infection is recent, confirmed by PCR, virus isolation, or paired serologic tests.

B. Poliomyelitis Due to Wild-Type Poliovirus

Notification required for suspected cases (children under 15 with acute flaccid paralysis or any person with paralytic illness, with poliomyelitis suspected). Confirms case with isolation of wild poliovirus in stool specimens. Additional notifications for wild or vaccine-derived poliovirus from non-AFP sources or type 2 Sabin-like viruses due to global cessation of OPV use.

C. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)

Report individual cases with laboratory confirmation of SARS coronavirus infection, based on clinical criteria including fever, respiratory symptoms, radiographic evidence of pneumonia or ARDS, and no alternative diagnosis. Laboratory confirmation requires RT-PCR, real-time RT-PCR, ELISA, IFA, or virus culture with specific protocols.

D. Smallpox

Notify for confirmed cases of smallpox, defined by acute fever, characteristic rash evolving from maculopapular to vesicular/pustular stages without alternative diagnosis, and requiring laboratory confirmation. Limited to matching clinical presentations due to low re-emergence likelihood, and a single case is considered an outbreak.