2001-12-31-世界卫生组织-2002_STEPS_Fact_Sheet_Marshall_Islands_2页_63kb

报告摘要

Marshall Islands STEPS Survey Summary

Survey Overview: Conducted from October 2002 to December 2002, targeting adults aged 15-64 years. Used a stratified cluster sampling design with 3040 participants to gather representative data.
Step 1 Findings (Chronic Disease Risk Factors)
- Tobacco Use: High smoking rates among males (34.7%), very low among females (4.2%). Average age of starting smoking is early (around 17-18 years), with nearly all smokers using manufactured cigarettes. (See detailed percentages and CIs for each gender).
- Alcohol Consumption: Most adults (80.7% overall, higher in females) abstain from alcohol; current drinkers show high binge drinking rates, particularly among males (67.1% had 5+ drinks on any day).
- Fruit and Vegetable Intake: Low consumption, with an average of less than 3 days per week for fruits and vegetables. Over 90% consumed fewer than 5 combined servings daily.
- Physical Activity: Most adults had low activity levels (<600 MET-minutes/week), with high activity rates only at 22.4%. Average daily activity time was low across all genders.
Step 2 Findings (Physical Measurements)
- BMI: Mean BMI was 27.6, with over 60% overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 25), and 31.6% obese (BMI ≥ 30). Males and females showed similar trends but with slight variations.
- Waist Circumference: Average was 89.3 cm, indicating central obesity.
- Blood Pressure: Elevated BP prevalence (10.5%) was higher in males, with significant portions on medication; SBP and DBP averages were borderline high.
Step 3 Findings (Biochemical Measurements)
- Blood Glucose: High percentage (29.8%) with raised fasting glucose levels, indicating prediabetes or diabetes risk.
- Cholesterol: About 21.6% had elevated total cholesterol (≥200 mg/dL), and a smaller percentage had very high levels (≥250 mg/dL).
Combined Risk Factors Summary
- Low-Risk Percentage: Only 0.7% had no major risk factors, varying slightly by gender.
- Raised-Risk Percentage: Over 60% had at least three risk factors, with higher rates in middle and older age groups (25-64 years), showing consistent risk across the population.