2008年-世界发展银行全球_Uganda_Sustainable_Land_Management___Public_Expenditure_Review_118页_5mb

Summary of Uganda Sustainable Land Management Public Expenditure Review (SLM PER)

Core Content

This report presents the findings of the Uganda Sustainable Land Management Public Expenditure Review (SLM PER), aimed at analyzing the level and composition of public expenditure on sustainable land management (SLM) and identifying ways to improve its efficiency and effectiveness. The review is part of the broader efforts to support the development of a national strategy for SLM in Uganda, aligning with the Comprehensive Africa Agricultural Development Program (CAADP) and the World Bank's and Global Environment Facility's (GEF) support through TerrAfrica.

Main Objectives

The SLM PER was conducted with six main objectives:

• Establish a robust database on SLM-related public expenditure.
• Develop a methodology for future SLM PERs.
• Analyze the level and composition of SLM spending.
• Identify potential entry points for public support using development pathways.
• Understand institutional coordination for SLM.
• Provide policy recommendations for the land use sector.

Key Findings

• Land Degradation Hotspots: Five major hotspots were identified: Southwestern Highlands, Lake Victoria Crescent Region, Northwestern Regions, Eastern Highlands, and Southwestern Cattle Corridor. These areas suffer from significant soil nutrient depletion and erosion.
• SLM Expenditure Trends: Between 2001/02 and 2005/06, SLM expenditure was low, accounting for 0.28% of total budget expenditure and 0.13% of GDP. The inclusion of "SLM related sector" expenditure increased this to 1.15%, still relatively low compared to the agriculture sector's 4.3%.
• Donor Dominance: Donor contributions accounted for 83% of the "SLM sector" expenditure during this period.
• Actual Disbursement: Only 42% of planned SLM expenditure was actually disbursed, indicating inefficiencies in the budget execution process.
• Spatial Targeting: SLM expenditure was relatively well-targeted to areas with severe land degradation, but some areas with high degradation levels received low funding, while others with low degradation received significant resources.
• Focus on Environmental Issues: Government spending on SLM was more focused on environmental management (e.g., watershed and forest areas) than on productivity improvements.
• Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) Challenges: Limited M&E data hampers the ability to justify increased SLM spending and to scale-up activities effectively.

Main Viewpoints

• SLM as a Development Priority: The Government of Uganda (GoU) recognizes SLM as crucial for economic growth and poverty reduction. It has integrated SLM into its development strategies and investment plans.
• Need for Coherence: The lack of clarity on public priorities has led to donor-driven initiatives and inefficiencies in public resource allocation.
• Importance of M&E: M&E is essential for increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of SLM investments and for building a strong case for scaling-up interventions.
• Integration with Agricultural Productivity: SLM should be integrated with broader agricultural productivity agendas to ensure long-term sustainability and effectiveness.

Key Information

• SLM Definition: SLM in Uganda refers to the sustainable management of land resources to ensure long-term productivity and environmental sustainability.
• Institutional Landscape: Multiple ministries and agencies are involved in SLM, including MAAIF, MLWE, MTEF, and NEMA. Coordination mechanisms are in place but need improvement.
• Development Pathways: These are location-specific strategies to identify entry points for public support. They consider comparative advantages and socio-economic factors.
• Recommendations: The report outlines both short-term and medium-term measures to improve SLM public expenditure. These include:
  • Strengthening M&E systems.
  • Improving spatial targeting and coherence in budget planning.
  • Enhancing community and civil society involvement in the budget process.
  • Integrating SLM into major agricultural productivity programs.

Policy Recommendations

Short-Term Measures

• Close the Disbursement Gap: Improve procurement and disbursement processes to increase actual SLM expenditure.
• Enhance Spatial Targeting: Focus SLM resources on degradation hotspots and revise allocations where they are misaligned.
• Promote Shared Understanding: Develop a clear and operationally relevant SLM concept at the policy and operational level.
• Integrate SLM into Budget Planning: Include SLM in the National Development Plan, Budget Framework Papers, and sectoral investment plans.
• Strengthen Civil Society Involvement: Improve accountability and ensure meaningful participation of civil society organizations and communities in the budget process.

Medium-Term Measures

• Systematic Integration into Productivity Programs: Use existing programs like NAADS and NARO to scale-up SLM interventions.
• Support Private Sector Involvement: Encourage private investments in SLM by creating an enabling environment through regulatory and institutional frameworks.
• Mainstream SLM in Development Pathways: Align SLM with socio-economic development pathways to ensure location-specific and context-sensitive strategies.
• Build Sustainable Capacity: Develop a country-wide M&E system in a collaborative and participatory manner to ensure long-term sustainability and effectiveness.

Conclusion

The SLM PER highlights the need for a more coherent, targeted, and integrated approach to public expenditure on land management in Uganda. It emphasizes the importance of M&E in justifying and scaling-up SLM interventions and the role of both the public and private sectors in achieving sustainable land use. The report provides actionable recommendations for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of SLM spending in the short and medium term.