2001年-世界发展银行全球_City_Development_Strategy_and_City_Assistance_Programme___Kathmandu_Metropolitan_City_Volume_2_489页_32mb

Kathmandu Metropolitan City Diagnostic Report Summary

Core Content

This document is the City Diagnostic Report (CDR) and City Development Strategy (CDS) for Kathmandu Metropolitan City (KMC), prepared between July 2000 and January 2001. It was developed in collaboration with the World Bank and the KMC counterpart team, and aims to guide the city's future development by identifying key challenges and opportunities.

The report includes ten sectoral chapters, each addressing a different aspect of urban development in KMC, including:

• Urban Planning
• Urban Economics
• Institutional Development
• Urban Transport
• Housing and Squatter Settlements
• Municipal Services (Infrastructure)
• Heritage Conservation
• Community Development
• Environment
• Municipal Finance

It is intended to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current state of Kathmandu and to serve as a foundation for strategic planning and rebuilding efforts.

Main Views

1. Kathmandu's Development Context

• Kathmandu is a modernizing city with a rich historical heritage.
• The city is facing challenges due to rapid population growth and the need to balance modernization with heritage preservation.
• The Metropolis Government has been striving to manage this transition effectively.

2. City Development Strategy (CDS)

• The CDS is a strategic document aimed at guiding Kathmandu's development in a sustainable and organized manner.
• It is based on the findings of the Diagnostic Report and the common vision of stakeholders.
• The CDS is expected to revitalize and rebuild the city, ensuring its vitality and competitiveness in the new millennium.

3. Urban Planning Challenges

• Kathmandu has experienced chaotic and unplanned growth, leading to deficiencies in infrastructure.
• The city's physical expansion has spilled over beyond its limits, making it difficult to regulate.
• The environmental consequences of urbanization are significant, including pollution of rivers, groundwater, air, and noise.

4. Historical and Cultural Background

• Kathmandu has a long and rich history, dating back to the Kirata period.
• It was a major trade and cultural hub in the past, especially due to its strategic location along the north-south trade route between India and Tibet.
• The city was restructured during the Malla period and became known as Kasthamandapa and Kantipura.
• The current name, Kathmandu, emerged after the unification of Nepal by King Prithvi Narayan Shah in 1769.

5. Urban Development Efforts

• There have been early urban development efforts in the 1950s and 1960s, including the Coronation Committee and the Kathmandu Valley Construction Committee.
• These efforts were ad hoc and piecemeal, often due to lack of comprehensive planning and institutional capacity.
• The Physical Development Plan for the Kathmandu Valley, introduced in 1969, was the first comprehensive planning effort for the city.

Key Information

1. Population Growth

• Kathmandu currently houses about 700,000 people, and is expected to exceed one million in the next decade.
• The growth is unplanned, driven by individual landowners and brokers rather than professional planning.

2. Infrastructure and Services

• The city suffers from serious deficiencies in essential infrastructure services.
• There are challenges in land use planning, urban management, and institutional support.

3. Legislative Framework

• A number of Acts and regulations have been introduced to support urban development, including:
  • Town Development Committee Act 2019
  • Town Development Plan Implementation Act 2029
  • Municipality Act 2048
  • Local Self-Governance Act 2055
• These laws are still underutilized and weakly implemented, limiting their effectiveness.

4. Organizations Involved

• The KMC is working with various central and local government agencies, including:
  • Ministry of Physical Planning and Works
  • Ministry of Local Development
  • Kathmandu Valley Town Development Committee
  • City Planning Commission
  • Urban Development Department
  • Public Works Department
  • Ward-level organizations

5. Stakeholders and Support

• The report was coordinated by Mr. Padma Sunder Joshi and led by Mr. Surya Man Shakya.
• It was reviewed by a team of experts from different sectors, including urban economics, planning, heritage, environment, etc.
• Stakeholder meetings were held to collect input and identify critical issues.

6. Future Vision

• The vision for Kathmandu includes sustainable urban growth, improved infrastructure, and enhanced quality of life.
• The CDS is intended to guide the city towards a more organized and competitive future.

Conclusion

• The CDR and CDS are crucial tools for understanding and addressing the current and future needs of Kathmandu.
• The document aims to inspire action and create a strategy that will help revitalize the city and protect its heritage.
• It is expected to be periodically updated by KMC to reflect new developments and emerging issues.

Acknowledgements

The report is a collective effort involving:

• Project Coordinators and Team Leaders
• Consultants from the World Bank
• KMC counterparts
• Expert reviewers from various sectors
• Stakeholders and community members

Special thanks are extended to Dr. Harka Gurung, Dr. Mohan Man Sainju, and Hans H. Rothenbuller for their guidance and support.

Appendices

• List of Abbreviations
• Table of Contents
• List of Tables
• List of Maps

The report includes tables and maps to provide visual and statistical insights into the city's urbanization, population distribution, and land use patterns.

Final Note

The document emphasizes the need for proper urban management and planned growth to ensure Kathmandu's sustainability and vitality in the new millennium. It is a valuable resource for development agencies and professionals working in the Kathmandu Valley.