美国防部-反小型无人机系统战略（英文）-2021.1-36页_7mb

U.S. Department of Defense Counter-sUAS Strategy Summary

Core Content

The U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) has developed a comprehensive Counter-Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (C-sUAS) strategy to address the growing risks posed by sUAS (small unmanned aircraft systems) across the homeland, host nations, and contingency locations. This strategy acknowledges the rapid evolution of sUAS technology and its increasing use by state and non-state actors, as well as hobbyists and commercial entities, to pose both hazards and threats to U.S. military operations, personnel, and infrastructure.

The strategy outlines a holistic approach that spans the DOTMLPF-P spectrum—Doctrine, Organization, Training, Materiel, Leadership and Education, Personnel, Facilities, and Policy—to ensure a coordinated and effective response. It emphasizes the need for innovation, collaboration, and partnerships to enhance the Joint Force’s ability to detect, identify, deter, and, if necessary, defeat sUAS threats.

Main Points

Central Challenge

• The exponential growth of sUAS is creating new risks for the DoD.
• sUAS are being used for both legitimate purposes (e.g., commercial, law enforcement, firefighting) and malicious activities (e.g., surveillance, precision strikes, cyber attacks).
• These systems can operate across multiple domains (air, land, maritime) and transition between them, increasing complexity and the need for integrated solutions.

Three Strategic Objectives

1. Enhance the Joint Force through innovation and collaboration to protect DoD personnel, assets, and facilities in all operational environments.
2. Develop materiel and non-materiel solutions that support the safe execution of DoD missions and prevent adversaries from impeding U.S. objectives.
3. Build and broaden relationships with allies and partners to protect national interests both at home and abroad.

Three Lines of Effort (LOEs)

1. Ready the Force

   • Maximize current C-sUAS capabilities.
   • Use a risk-based approach to rapidly develop new solutions.
   • Ensure the Joint Force is equipped with actionable UAS reporting, identification, and dissemination to support attribution and law enforcement.
   • Develop common architecture systems to improve interoperability and scalability.

2. Defend the Force

   • Coordinate the delivery of joint capabilities underpinned by DOTMLPF-P considerations.
   • Synchronize operational concepts and doctrine to address sUAS threats.
   • Integrate active and passive defenses along with materiel and non-materiel solutions using a tiered, risk-informed approach.

3. Build the Team

   • Leverage existing alliances and partnerships.
   • Create new interoperable and integrated relationships.
   • Expand information sharing to ensure a unified and effective response.

Key Information

• Initial Approach: The DoD initially focused on materiel solutions to address immediate sUAS threats, but this led to non-integrated, redundant systems.
• Executive Agent: The Secretary of the Army (SECARMY) was designated as the DoD Executive Agent for C-sUAS in 2019.
• Joint C-sUAS Office (JCO): Established to lead, synchronize, and direct C-sUAS activities, ensuring unity of effort across the Department.
• Technology Drivers: The increasing capability and affordability of sUAS have led to their widespread use, including by adversaries for surveillance, cyber, and kinetic operations.
• Security Environment: The sUAS problem is global, with competitors like China, Russia, and Iran developing and fielding advanced systems. These systems are being used to challenge U.S. military advantage.
• Operational Environments:
  • Homeland: sUAS are integrated into the National Airspace System (NAS), but management and tracking remain a challenge. DoD must balance security and civilian safety.
  • Host Nations: Operations must comply with local laws and treaties, and coordination with airspace control authorities is essential.
  • Contingency Locations: These are the most complex and risky environments, where adversaries may use sUAS for integrated warfare (e.g., cyber, electromagnetic, and kinetic).

Conclusion

The DoD's Counter-sUAS Strategy is a multi-faceted, Department-wide initiative that recognizes the complexity and evolving nature of sUAS threats. It calls for collaboration across all DoD components, integration with federal agencies and allies, and continuous innovation to ensure the Joint Force is prepared to counter sUAS in all domains. The strategy emphasizes the need for a unified approach, leveraging common architectures, risk-based assessments, and interoperability to meet the challenge of sUAS in a rapidly changing security landscape.