2025-06-24-世界卫生组织-2025_Tracking_SDG7_Report_188页_3mb

Summary of Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2025

Core Content

Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2025 is a collaborative effort by five custodian agencies: the International Energy Agency (IEA), the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD), the World Bank, and the World Health Organization (WHO). The report serves as a global reference for assessing progress toward Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG 7), which aims to "ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all."

Main Objectives

• To summarize global progress on key energy indicators.
• To provide updated statistics and policy insights for achieving SDG 7.
• To highlight the importance of renewable energy, energy efficiency, and clean cooking in meeting the SDG 7 targets.
• To outline the need for increased investment, policy support, and innovation to accelerate progress.

Key Indicators and Progress

Main Findings

Access to Electricity

• Global Access: 92% of the world's population has access to electricity, up from 87% in 2010.
• Growth Trend: The number of people gaining access outpaced population growth in 2023, reducing the number without electricity to 666 million.
• Regional Disparities: Sub-Saharan Africa remains the region with the largest access gap, accounting for 85% of the global population without electricity in 2023.
• Urban-Rural Divide: 84% of those without electricity live in rural areas, with only 7% of rural populations having access in Sub-Saharan Africa.
• Decentralized Solutions: Mini-grids and off-grid solar are key to expanding access due to their cost-effectiveness and flexibility.
• Need for Acceleration: The growth rate must increase significantly to achieve universal access by 2030.

Access to Clean Cooking

• Global Access: 74% of the world's population had access to clean cooking fuels and technologies in 2023, up from 64% in 2015.
• Still a Challenge: Over 2.1 billion people still rely on polluting fuels like wood, charcoal, and kerosene.
• 2030 Outlook: If current trends continue, only 78% of the global population will have access to clean cooking by 2030.
• Regional Gaps: Access rates in SIDS, LLDCs, and LDCs are significantly lower than the global average (60%, 28%, and 21% respectively).
• Vulnerable Populations: Countries with large displaced populations and low clean cooking adoption include several LDCs, LLDCs, and SIDS.
• Urgent Action Required: With only five years left to meet the 2030 target, more investment and focus on vulnerable communities are essential.

Renewable Energy

• Global Share: Renewable energy accounted for 17.9% of total final energy consumption (TFEC) in 2022, up from 15.6% in 2015.
• Growth: Renewables-based electricity use increased by almost 8% from 2021 to 2022, and by 56% since 2015.
• Capacity: Renewables capacity grew more than threefold in the period 2015–2022, with wind and solar PV being the main contributors.
• Regional Variations: Latin America and the Caribbean had the highest share of modern renewable energy use (28% of TFEC), while Sub-Saharan Africa had only 12% (excluding traditional biomass).
• Climate and Development Goals: Despite progress, current trends are insufficient to meet the goal of tripling global renewable power capacity by 2030.

Energy Efficiency

• Global Improvement: Energy intensity dropped from 4.26 MJ/USD in 2015 to 3.87 MJ/USD in 2022.
• Need for Acceleration: The global average annual rate of improvement in energy efficiency needs to double by 2030.
• Policy and Innovation: Continued innovation, enabling policies, and long-term planning are crucial for achieving energy efficiency targets.

International Public Financial Flows

• Increase in Funding: International financial flows to developing countries for clean energy support increased from 12.1 USD billion in 2023 to 21.6 USD billion in 2023.
• Focus on Clean Energy: These flows are directed toward research, development, and renewable energy production, including hybrid systems.

Outlook for SDG 7

• Progress is Off Track: Global progress toward 2030 targets is still off track, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, due to the impacts of the pandemic and the 2022 energy crisis.
• Key Agreements: The 2023 COP28 agreement to triple renewable power capacity and the 2025 Dar es Salaam Declaration to expand electricity access are significant steps.
• Collaboration Needed: Achieving SDG 7 requires collaboration among governments, the private sector, international organizations, and civil society.
• Inclusive Transition: Special attention must be given to empowering women and marginalized communities through access to affordable energy and technical assistance.
• Future Actions: Greater investment, enabling policies, and innovation are essential to meet the 2030 targets. Improving data quality and monitoring progress will also be crucial.

Conclusion

The report underscores the importance of accelerating progress on SDG 7 through a combination of policy support, technological innovation, and increased investment. While some positive trends are evident, particularly in renewable energy deployment and electrification, significant challenges remain, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa and among vulnerable populations. A coordinated and inclusive approach is necessary to ensure that the energy transition benefits all and supports global climate and development goals.