2016年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_Economy_Profile_2017___Rwanda_111页_1mb

报告摘要

Doing Business 2017: Rwanda Summary

Core Content

Doing Business 2017 is a World Bank Group flagship report that evaluates the ease of doing business across 190 economies, focusing on regulatory environments that impact business operations. It measures 11 key areas of business regulation throughout the life cycle of a business, including starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency, and labor market regulation. The report also introduces a gender dimension in some indicators, reflecting the unique challenges faced by women entrepreneurs.

Rwanda Economy Profile

Region: Sub-Saharan Africa
Income Category: Low income
Population: 11,609,666
GNI per capita (US$): 700
DB2017 Rank: 56
DB2016 Rank: 59 (adjusted for methodological changes)
Change in Rank: +3
DB2017 DTF Score: 69.81
DB2016 DTF Score: 68.63
Change in DTF: +1.18

Key Indicators

Starting a Business

Rank: 76 (DB2017), 109 (DB2016)
DTF Score: 87.17 (DB2017), 82.92 (DB2016)
Procedure - Men: 5 (DB2017), 7 (DB2016)
Time - Men (days): 4 (DB2017), 6 (DB2016)
Cost - Men (% of income per capita): 48.5 (DB2017), 55.0 (DB2016)
Procedure - Women: 5 (DB2017), 7 (DB2016)
Time - Women (days): 4 (DB2017), 6 (DB2016)
Cost - Women (% of income per capita): 48.5 (DB2017), 55.0 (DB2016)

Dealing with Construction Permits

Rank: 158 (DB2017), 110 (DB2016)
DTF Score: 55.40 (DB2017), 66.25 (DB2016)
Procedures (number): 15 (DB2017), 14 (DB2016)
Time (days): 113.0 (DB2017), 107.0 (DB2016)
Cost (% of warehouse value): 42.4 (DB2017), 8.5 (DB2016)
Building Quality Control Index (0-15): 13.0 (DB2017), 10.0 (DB2016)

Getting Electricity

Rank: 117 (DB2017), 119 (DB2016)
DTF Score: 60.69 (DB2017), 60.04 (DB2016)
Procedures (number): 4 (DB2017), 4 (DB2016)
Time (days): 34.0 (DB2017), 34.0 (DB2016)
Cost (% of income per capita): 2722.6 (DB2017), 2932.0 (DB2016)
Reliability of supply and transparency of tariff index (0-8): 0.0 (DB2017), 0.0 (DB2016)

Registering Property

Rank: 4 (DB2017), 12 (DB2016)
DTF Score: 92.67 (DB2017), 87.75 (DB2016)
Procedures (number): 3 (DB2017), 3 (DB2016)
Time (days): 12.0 (DB2017), 32.0 (DB2016)
Cost (% of property value): 0.1 (DB2017), 0.1 (DB2016)
Quality of Land Administration Index (0-30): 28.0 (DB2017), 25.0 (DB2016)

Getting Credit

Rank: 2 (DB2017), 2 (DB2016)
DTF Score: 95.00 (DB2017), 95.00 (DB2016)
Strength of Legal Rights Index (0-12): 11.0 (DB2017), 11.0 (DB2016)
Depth of Credit Information Index (0-8): 8.0 (DB2017), 8.0 (DB2016)
Credit Registry Coverage (% of adults): 7.4 (DB2017), 5.4 (DB2016)
Credit Bureau Coverage (% of adults): 16.6 (DB2017), 18.8 (DB2016)

Protecting Minority Investors

Rank: 102 (DB2017), 97 (DB2016)
DTF Score: 51.67 (DB2017), 51.67 (DB2016)
Strength of Minority Investor Protection Index (0-10): 5.2 (DB2017), 5.2 (DB2016)
Conflict of Interest Regulation Index (0-10): 6.3 (DB2017), 6.3 (DB2016)
Shareholder Governance Index (0-10): 4.0 (DB2017), 4.0 (DB2016)

Paying Taxes

Rank: 59 (DB2017), 48 (DB2016)
DTF Score: 79.69 (DB2017), 81.93 (DB2016)
Payments (number per year): 29.0 (DB2017), 25.0 (DB2016)
Time (hours per year): 124.0 (DB2017), 109.0 (DB2016)
Total Tax Rate (% of profit): 33.0 (DB2017), 33.0 (DB2016)
Postfiling Index (0-100): 83.3 (DB2017), not available (DB2016)

Trading Across Borders

Rank: 87 (DB2017), 131 (DB2016)
DTF Score: 71.19 (DB2017), 59.89 (DB2016)
Time to Export: Border Compliance (hours): 97 (DB2017), 97 (DB2016)
Cost to Export: Border Compliance (USD): 183 (DB2017), 183 (DB2016)
Time to Export: Documentary Compliance (hours): 42 (DB2017), 42 (DB2016)
Cost to Export: Documentary Compliance (USD): 110 (DB2017), 110 (DB2016)
Time to Import: Border Compliance (hours): 86 (DB2017), 294 (DB2016)
Cost to Import: Border Compliance (USD): 282 (DB2017), 530 (DB2016)
Time to Import: Documentary Compliance (hours): 72 (DB2017), 72 (DB2016)
Cost to Import: Documentary Compliance (USD): 121 (DB2017), 121 (DB2016)

Enforcing Contracts

Rank: 95 (DB2017), 117 (DB2016)
DTF Score: 56.76 (DB2017), 53.06 (DB2016)
Time (days): 230.0 (DB2017), 230.0 (DB2016)
Cost (% of claim): 82.7 (DB2017), 82.7 (DB2016)
Quality of Judicial Processes Index (0-18): 13.0 (DB2017), 11.0 (DB2016)

Resolving Insolvency

Rank: 73 (DB2017), 69 (DB2016)
DTF Score: 47.85 (DB2017), 47.82 (DB2016)
Recovery Rate (cents on the dollar): 19.2 (DB2017), 19.2 (DB2016)
Time (years): 2.5 (DB2017), 2.5 (DB2016)
Cost (% of estate): 29.0 (DB2017), 29.0 (DB2016)
Strength of Insolvency Framework Index (0-16): 12.0 (DB2017), 12.0 (DB2016)

Main Points

Rwanda has improved its ease of doing business ranking from 59 to 56 in DB2017.
The distance to frontier (DTF) score increased from 68.63 to 69.81, indicating progress toward regulatory best practices.
The report introduces a gender dimension in some indicators, measuring the additional procedures and challenges faced by women entrepreneurs.
Rwanda's performance in starting a business is among the best in the region, with a DTF score of 87.17.
Registering property is another area of strength, with a DTF score of 92.67.
Getting credit is also strong, with a DTF score of 95.00.
Paying taxes remains a challenge, with a DTF score of 79.69.
Trading across borders is a significant area of improvement, with a DTF score of 71.19.
Enforcing contracts and resolving insolvency show room for improvement, with DTF scores of 56.76 and 47.85, respectively.

Key Information

The DTF score measures how far an economy is from the best performance in each indicator, on a scale from 0 to 100.
The ease of doing business ranking is based on the average of DTF scores across the 10 indicators, with 1 being the best.
The report includes comparator economies for each indicator, allowing for benchmarking and comparative analysis.
The data for this report are current as of June 1, 2016, except for the paying taxes indicators, which cover January–December 2015.
The methodology has been updated in DB2017, including the introduction of postfiling processes and a gender component in some indicators.
Somalia is included for the first time, bringing the total number of economies to 190.
The report does not include labor market regulation in the aggregate ease of doing business ranking but provides data for analysis.