2003年-世界发展银行全球_The_International_Finance_Corporations_MBA_Survey___How_Developing_Country_Firms_Rate_Local_Business_School_Training_38页_515kb

Summary of the IFC MBA Survey: How Developing Country Firms Rate Local Business School Training

Core Content

This document presents a survey conducted by the International Finance Corporation (IFC) to evaluate the perceived quality of local MBA graduates in developing and transition countries. The survey aimed to understand the specific needs of firms in these regions and assess whether local business schools are meeting those needs.

Main Findings

Global Overview

• MBA programs have developed more slowly in developing and transition countries compared to the U.S.
• Despite this, the number of MBA programs has grown rapidly since the 1960s.
• The survey found that globally, MBA graduates are not fully meeting the needs of firms.
• Technical and analytical skills are generally well-developed, but practical and communication skills are lacking.

Regional Analysis

• Africa: 25% of respondents found technical skills lacking or inadequate. African firms were the most dissatisfied with local MBA quality.
• Middle East: 17% of respondents found technical skills inadequate. 26% were dissatisfied with interpersonal and communication skills.
• East Asia: 36% of firms were dissatisfied with language skills.
• Latin America: 24% were dissatisfied with language skills, and firms relied more on in-house training.
• Europe: 32% of firms were dissatisfied with the quality of local MBAs, but most rated communication and language skills as adequate or good.

Common Weaknesses

• Communication and Language Skills: These were the most commonly cited weaknesses. 19% of firms found language skills lacking or inadequate, and 26% were dissatisfied with communication skills.
• Work Experience and Practical Knowledge: While not as commonly cited as communication skills, these were still noted as areas needing improvement.
• Global vs. Local Perceptions: U.S. firms are less satisfied with communication skills of their MBA graduates compared to firms in developing and transition countries.

Firm Hiring Practices

• Non-Hiring of MBAs: 57% of firms did not hire MBAs, citing that their businesses did not require them.
• Lack of Candidates: 22% of firms did not hire MBAs due to a lack of available candidates.
• In-House Training: Some firms trained their own employees or used part-time MBA programs, especially in Latin America.

Key Insights

Survey Methodology

• The survey was conducted from January to February 2003, targeting IFC client firms in 78 countries.
• A total of 283 responses were received, with a 25% overall response rate.
• The response rate varied by region, with Europe having the highest (32%) and Africa the lowest (18%).

Data Breakdown

• Income Categories: Category I (lowest income) firms were the least satisfied with technical skills (20% found them lacking).
• Sector Distribution: The Finance and Insurance sector had the highest number of respondents (43%).
• Firm Size: Most firms (34%) hired 0 MBAs, while 21% hired 3–10 MBAs annually.
• Language Skills: 19% of firms found language skills lacking, with East Asia and Latin America showing higher dissatisfaction.

Conclusion

• The survey highlights that while technical skills of local MBA graduates are generally well-developed, there are significant gaps in practical knowledge, communication, and language fluency.
• A "cookie-cutter" approach to MBA training is not effective; programs must be tailored to the specific needs of local business communities.
• Developing countries face unique challenges in the quality of local MBA training, including a shortage of qualified graduates and mismatch between curriculum and business requirements.
• The results suggest that business schools in these regions should focus more on improving communication and language skills, as well as practical training, to better meet the needs of firms.