2021-06-28-世界卫生组织-Hypertension_Lesotho_2020_country_profile_2页_373kb

Lesotho Hypertension Summary

Burden of Hypertension (2012)

• Total Adult Population: 2,321,700 (18+ years)
• Age Range: 25-64 years
• Prevalence: Approximately 31% (≈245,700) of adults had hypertension as of 2012.
• Awareness (Diagnosed): About 35.8% (≈90,000) of adults were aware they had hypertension.
• Treatment: Around 15.9% (≈40,000) received treatment for hypertension.
• Control: Only about 7.3% (≈17,500) had controlled blood pressure.
• Prevalence by Age/Group: Highest prevalence (42.7% in 45-64 year females) and lowest control (only 0.7% in 25-44 year males) observed in older adults.
• Trends: The prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension increased progressively from 2000 to 2025.
• Essential Medicines: Treatment involves Thiazide Diuretics, ACE Inhibitors, ARBs, Calcium Channel Blockers, and Beta Blockers.

National Targets (up to 2020)

• Reduce hypertension prevalence by 25%.
• Reduce salt/sodium consumption by 30%.

National System Response (2019)

• No specific data on policy existence or medicine availability reported for essential hypertension medicines, though some blood pressure measurement reporting capacity existed.

WHO Recommendations

• Address population prevalence by reducing key risk factors (unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, tobacco, alcohol, over/obesity).
• Address control through improved identification, treatment (evidence-based), treatment intensification, and ensuring access to medicines.
• Track control rates and population prevalence.

Overall Assessment

• High prevalence of hypertension with a significant gap between cases and awareness, treatment, and control.
• The situation is under national targets unless specified otherwise (targets likely up to 2020 according to document).
• System limitations affect hypertension management, though details are limited.
• WHO recommends population-level risk reduction and strengthening the hypertension control cascade.