2021-06-28-世界卫生组织-Hypertension_Bhutan_2020_country_profile_2页_373kb

Hypertension in Bhutan Analysis Summary

Overview

This fact sheet provides a comprehensive analysis of hypertension in Bhutan, based on data from 2014 and information on national systems, targets, and global recommendations. It highlights the prevalence, awareness rates, treatment gaps, and trends, along with strategies for prevention and control.

Burden of Hypertension in 2014

• Bhutan's total population in 2014 was approximately 719,053.
• Adults aged 18+ accounted for 160,200 cases (about 35.9%) with hypertension.
• Of these:
  • 23,100 were aware (diagnosed).
  • 5,300 were under treatment.
  • Only 0.3,000 were controlled.
• In 2014, 55.1,000 people with hypertension were unaware or not diagnosed.

Definitions and Measurement

• Hypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or diastolic ≥90 mmHg, or having been told by a healthcare professional and treated.
• Awareness, treatment, and control rates are based on cascading data from the Bhutan 2014 STEPS survey.
• Growth charts and age-sex brackets (18-39, 40-69) show uncontrolled hypertension prevalence increasing over time.

National and Global Responses

• Bhutan aims to reduce hypertension prevalence by 25% (relative reduction) by 2025.
• Plans to cut salt/sodium intake by 30% (relative reduction) by 2025 as part of the National Action Plan for Non-Communicable Diseases (2015-2020).
• WHO HEARTS technical package and other global guides emphasize addressing key risk factors, improving hypertension control, and tracking progress.

WHO Recommendations

• Address modifiable risks, including unhealthy diets (high in salt), physical inactivity, tobacco, alcohol, and obesity.
• Enhance identification and treatment by doctors and health workers.
• Ensure access to essential hypertension medications like thiazide diuretics, ACE inhibitors, and calcium channel blockers.
• Report blood pressure measurements and track control rates clinically.

Key Trends and Findings

• Uncontrolled hypertension prevalence in adults aged 18+ has steadily increased from 2000 to 2020, projecting further rise.
• Age and sex cascade data (2014) indicate higher hypertension rates and lower control among males in older ages (e.g., 40-69 years), while females show moderate awareness gaps.
• Global targets advocate for integrated public health strategies and multisectoral action plans to align with WHO guidelines.

Data Sources and Period

• Data primarily from 2014 STEPS survey, National Capacity Survey (2019), and global observatories.
• Targets and policies focus on 2025 reduction goals, while trends extend through 2025 projections.