路透-揭露金融犯罪的真实代价（英文）-32页-3mb

Summary of "Revealing the true cost of financial crime" (2018 Survey Report)

Core Content

This report by Thomson Reuters provides an in-depth analysis of the scale and impact of financial crime on businesses, governments, and individuals. It highlights the economic, social, and human consequences of financial crime and underscores the need for greater awareness, collaboration, and investment in combating it.

Main Points

Financial Crime Overview

• Financial crime is multi-faceted, multi-national, and often invisible.
• It includes fraud, money laundering, theft, bribery & corruption, cybercrime, and slavery/human trafficking.
• Financial crime is not seen as a victimless crime and has significant societal impacts.

The True Cost

• Organizations spend on average 3.1% of their annual turnover to combat financial crime.
• The estimated aggregate lost turnover due to financial crime is $1.45 trillion, representing 3.5% of global turnover.
• 40.3 million people are victims of modern slavery globally, according to the ILO and Walk Free Foundation.

Survey Methodology

• The survey was conducted in March 2018 with 2,373 senior executives across 19 countries.
• 47% of respondents have experienced financial crime over the last 12 months.
• The survey was weighted to ensure equal representation across countries.

Screening Shortfall

• 41% of global business relationships were never screened for financial crime risk.
• 36% of these relationships are screened for ongoing co-occurring suspects.
• The number of third-party relationships varies by industry, with financial and insurance companies having twice the number of relationships as those in construction.

Incidence of Financial Crime

• Fraud and cybercrime are the most commonly experienced types of financial crime.
• Bribery & corruption is seen as a common practice in 73% of agriculture, forestry, and fishing companies.
• Public companies are more likely to experience financial crime than private companies (55% vs 45%).

Impacts of Financial Crime

• 46% of respondents believe money laundering leads to higher prices for end users.
• 42% think it results in less government revenue.
• 48% believe the economy of a nation is the real victim of money laundering.
• 31% of respondents believe financial loss is the biggest concern if their organization is convicted of financial crime, followed by reputational damage and client churn.

Human and Economic Costs

• The human cost of financial crime is immense, with modern slavery being a major consequence.
• 58% of modern slavery comes from five countries: India, China, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Uzbekistan.
• The economic cost of modern slavery is estimated at €30 billion in the EU, with the global cost likely to be €150 billion if similar prevalence is assumed elsewhere.

Awareness and Responsibility

• Awareness of the human cost of financial crime is worryingly low.
• Corporate accountability is often neglected, with many companies focusing on rogue employees rather than systemic issues.
• Governments are also implicated, with state-sanctioned forced labor still prevalent in some countries.

Collaboration and Action

• 94% of companies support more initiatives to tackle financial crime, with sharing intelligence being the most important.
• Europol highlights that only 1% of criminal proceeds in the EU are confiscated, and only 0.5% of transactions reviewed by compliance officers lead to a criminal investigation.
• Regulatory inefficiency and lack of enforcement are key challenges in combating financial crime.

Key Information

• Financial crime has a widespread impact, affecting companies, governments, and individuals.
• Thomson Reuters is committed to raising awareness and providing data to help combat financial crime.
• Public companies are more vulnerable to financial crime than private companies.
• Cybercrime is the most externally driven financial crime, with 75% of cases being external.
• Bribery and corruption are the most internally driven financial crimes, with 69% of cases being internal.
• The human cost of financial crime is high, with modern slavery being a significant consequence.
• The educational cost of financial crime is substantial, with $1 billion in lost tax revenue potentially funding education programs for hundreds of thousands of children.
• Europol emphasizes the need for more effective enforcement and better intelligence sharing to combat financial crime.

Conclusion

The report underscores the complexity and magnitude of financial crime, highlighting the need for collaboration between businesses, governments, and NGOs to address the issue. It calls for improved screening processes, greater regulatory efficiency, and enhanced awareness of the human and societal impacts of financial crime.