2025-03-09-世界银行-低收入社区家庭儿童保育指导说明（英）_21页_934kb

# Home-Based Childcare (HBC) Guidance: Key Insights & Recommendations

This report, produced by the World Bank, addresses the provision of home-based childcare (HBC) services in low-income communities, offering policymakers and practitioners:

• A framework for integrating HBC into early childhood development (ECD) policies.
• Strategic recommendations for four key support areas:
  • Workforce development (training, skills support)
  • Nutritional support
  • Quality assurance systems
  • Financial access (via PPPs, grants, microfinance, etc.)

# Key Findings

Target Audience:

• Low-income populations, especially female informal workers who face barriers accessing formal childcare.
• Children under three remain the highest priority group for HBC services.

Pervasive Challenges:

• Lack of qualified personnel and training resources.
• Insufficient financial/sustainability mechanisms.
• Absence of legal recognition and regulatory frameworks.
• Nutritional deficits and poor quality standards in many settings.
• Opportunity costs for women missing out on employment due to childcare limitations.

Opportunities:

• Significant returns on investment were shown, especially in Kenya and Colombia cases (up to $7 of economic activity created per $1 invested).
• Social franchising models (e.g., Kidogo) improved service quality and affordability.
• Integration of HBC into broader ECD schemes (e.g., Colombia’s Hogares Comunitarios de Bienestar) proved effective in expanding reach and impact.

# Strategic Recommendations

Support Systems

1. Workforce Development:

• Accredit training programs (short durations + ongoing support).
• Utilize blended learning (coaching, peer networks, mentorship).

2. Nutrition:

• Provide meals for children at subsidized costs or via government/community kitchens.
• Train providers on nutritional best practices.

3. Quality Assurance:

• Create adaptable quality standards reflecting context.
• Establish monitoring systems for quality indicators (e.g., child safety, caregiver-child ratio).
• Engage parents and communities in quality demand/surveillance.

4. Finance:

• Explore public-private partnerships, cooperative financing, and microcredit schemes.
• Utilize progressive taxation for affordable childcare (targeted fiscal policy).

Scale-Up Best Practices

• Prioritize local ownership and female economic empowerment.
• Leverage non-state actors to complement government rollout.
• Use case study evidence from Colombia, Kenya, and Bangladesh to contextualize recommendations.

# Countries Mentioned

• Kenya: High demand for affordable childcare; social franchising model (Kidogo) supports quality and inclusion.
• Bangladesh: Low access to formal childcare due to affordability and social norms; BRAC engaged through training & microfinance.
• Colombia: State-supported, scaled-up model (Hogares Comunitarios de Bienestar) linked to ECD and nutrition outcomes.

# Recommendations for Policymakers

Governments should prioritize the integration of HBC into early childhood EC policies by:

• Providing financial incentives for HBC providers and parents.
• Establishing clear registration frameworks with flexible regulations.
• Ensuring gender-responsive support for HBC to enhance female labor participation.

This analysis compiles strategies and evidence from the report "Guidance Note on Home-Based Childcare For Low-Income Communities," published by the World Bank (accessed: 2024). For specific strategies and context-specific implementation, consult the full report.