2021-08-22-世界卫生组织-GLAAS_2021_2022_country_survey_59页_5mb

GLAAS 2021/2022 Country Survey Summary

Core Content

The GLAAS (Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking-Water) 2021/2022 country survey is a comprehensive data collection tool designed to assess the status of drinking-water supply, sanitation services, and hand hygiene activities in Member States. The survey is aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and aims to support evidence-based policy-making and monitoring in the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) sector.

Main Objectives

• To gather information on governance, monitoring, finance, and human resources related to WASH services.
• To evaluate the existence and implementation of risk management approaches.
• To assess the status of national policies and plans/strategies for various WASH sectors.
• To provide data for the UN-Water GLAAS 2022 results.

Key Sections

The survey is divided into four main sections:

Section A: Governance

• Examines policies, plans, and targets related to WASH.
• Reviews regulatory frameworks, coordination mechanisms, and roles and responsibilities of government and communities.
• Includes questions on user participation and human rights to water and sanitation.

Section B: Monitoring

• Focuses on monitoring systems, indicators, and data collection methods for WASH services.
• Assesses the availability and use of monitoring tools and data sharing policies.

Section C: Human Resources

• Evaluates the availability of skilled personnel and training programs.
• Inquires about the capacity of institutions and community engagement in WASH activities.

Section D: Finance

• Looks into funding sources, budget allocation, and financial sustainability of WASH programs.
• Includes cost estimates and funding adequacy for different WASH areas.

Key Information

• Data sharing: The survey emphasizes the importance of data sharing for public health and scientific purposes. Data providers must ensure that all information is collected in accordance with national laws and data protection regulations.
• Opt-out provisions: Countries may opt out of certain data sharing if they have legal obligations that prevent it, such as under the International Health Regulations (2005) or WHO Nomenclature Regulations (1967).
• Survey format: The survey is a fillable PDF form and should be completed using the desktop version of Adobe Acrobat Reader DC. It is recommended to save the form regularly to avoid data loss.
• National focal person: A national focal person is responsible for compiling and reconciling responses from multiple respondents into a single submission. This person must be identified for the survey.
• Submission deadline: Completed surveys must be submitted by 1 April 2022 to the WHO regional focal point and the GLAAS team at glaas@who.int.

Policy and Planning Assessment

• WASH policies and plans: Each section (urban, rural, schools, health care facilities) assesses the existence and status of national policies and implementation plans/strategies.
• Policy status: Respondents are asked to select from options such as no policy, under development, formally approved, or under revision.
• Plan status: Plans are categorized based on their approval and implementation status, including whether they are costed and funded adequately.
• Funding and human resources: Questions are included on funding levels (ranging from less than 50% to 100% of what is needed) and availability of human resources.

Risk Management Approaches

• The survey includes questions on the implementation of risk management approaches, such as:

  • Water Safety Plans (WSPs) for urban and rural areas
  • Sanitation Safety Plans (SSPs) for local-level risk assessment
  • Climate change preparedness for WASH
  • WASH FIT or similar tools for health care facilities

• Each risk management approach is assessed for inclusion in policies, promotion or requirement, and implementation scale.

Additional Notes

• Glossary: A glossary is provided to ensure consistency in terminology across the WASH sector.
• Survey guidance: It is recommended to refer to the GLAAS 2021/2022 survey guidance for detailed instructions and definitions.
• Contact information: A table is included for indicating key contacts for the survey, including the national focal person and persons responsible for each focal area.
• Data usage: WHO is authorized to publish and use the data for public health purposes, provided that personal identifiers are removed and appropriate acknowledgment is given to the country.

Conclusion

The GLAAS 2021/2022 survey is a structured and comprehensive tool for assessing the governance, monitoring, finance, and human resources in the WASH sector. It supports the SDG monitoring process and provides valuable insights into the legal, regulatory, and policy frameworks governing water, sanitation, and hygiene services. Countries are encouraged to participate fully, review the guidance, and submit the completed form by the deadline.