2017年-世界发展银行全球_Economy_Profile_of_Kyrgyz_Republic_69页_1mb

Summary of Doing Business 2018: Kyrgyz Republic

Core Content

The Doing Business 2018 report, published by the World Bank Group, evaluates the regulatory environment for businesses across 190 economies. It focuses on the ease of doing business by measuring various indicators such as starting a business, getting electricity, registering property, and resolving insolvency. The report uses a standardized methodology to ensure comparability and transparency across economies.

The Kyrgyz Republic is classified as a Lower Middle Income economy in the Europe & Central Asia region, with a population of approximately 6.08 million and a GNI per capita of $1,100. The report covers Bishkek as the main city for analysis.

Main Indicators and Key Information

Key Indicators Explained

Starting a Business

• Procedures: 4 for men and 4 for women.
• Time: 10 days for both men and women.
• Cost: 2.1% of income per capita for both.
• Minimum Paid-in Capital: 0.0% of income per capita.
• Legal Form: Private Limited Liability Company.
• Assumptions:
  • The company is 100% domestically owned with five owners.
  • It operates in Bishkek and has a turnover of at least 100 times income per capita.
  • No investment incentives or special benefits are given.
  • The company has 10–50 domestic employees and a 10-page company deed.

Dealing with Construction Permits

• Procedures: 11 in total.
• Time: 142 calendar days.
• Cost: 1.7% of warehouse value.
• Building Quality Control Index: 11.0 out of 15.
• Warehouse Details:
  • Two stories, total area of 1,300.6 m².
  • Located on a 929 m² land plot, valued at 50 times income per capita.
  • Requires 30 weeks of construction time (excluding delays).
• Assumptions:
  • The construction company (BuildCo) is 100% domestically owned.
  • The warehouse is for general storage, not special use.
  • Utility connections are made via One-Stop-Shop, with water and sewage as mandatory technical conditions.

Methodology Highlights

• The Distance to Frontier (DTF) score measures how far an economy is from the best performance observed across all economies.
• The Ease of Doing Business ranking is based on the DTF scores, with 1 being the best and 190 the worst.
• Procedure Time Calculation:
  • Online procedures count as 0.5 days.
  • Procedures are completed on separate days, except those that can be done simultaneously.
• Cost Calculation:
  • Only official costs are considered, not bribes or professional fees.
• Gender Consideration:
  • Two scenarios are considered: one for a company owned by 5 married men, and another by 5 married women.
  • The report highlights gender-specific procedures and permissions, though these are not included in the overall ranking.

Reforms and Challenges

• Starting a Business:

  • The process is streamlined, with the One-Stop-Shop principle.
  • However, the cost and time are still relatively high compared to the best performers.
  • There is a legal option to not use a company seal, but it remains common in practice.

• Dealing with Construction Permits:

  • The process has been simplified through reforms, such as reducing the number of required documents and procedures.
  • Despite these reforms, the time and cost to complete the process remain high.
  • The building quality control index is moderate, indicating room for improvement in regulation and enforcement.

Conclusion

The Doing Business 2018 report provides a comprehensive analysis of the regulatory environment in the Kyrgyz Republic, highlighting areas where reforms have been implemented and where further improvements are needed. While the country has made progress in streamlining procedures, especially for starting a business and dealing with construction permits, the time and cost involved still lag behind the best performers. The report serves as a benchmark for future reforms and offers insights for policymakers, investors, and researchers interested in improving the business climate in the Kyrgyz Republic.