2016年-数据局_GMAC：2016年商学院毕业生调查报告_32页_667kb

2016 Alumni Perspectives Survey Report Summary

Core Content

The 2016 Alumni Perspectives Survey Report is conducted by the Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC), a global nonprofit organization that provides data and insights about graduate management education. The report highlights the value and return on investment (ROI) of graduate business degrees, based on responses from over 14,279 alumni from 275 graduate business programs at 70 universities in 20 locations worldwide.

The survey provides a comprehensive view of alumni experiences, including their career outcomes, salary growth, job satisfaction, and the skills they gained from their programs. It also explores how different program types influence ROI and employment outcomes.

Main Findings

1. Alumni Value Graduate Management Education Highly

• 93% of alumni consider their education personally rewarding.
• 89% consider it professionally rewarding.
• 75% consider it financially rewarding.
• The Net Promoter Score (NPS) is +45, indicating strong satisfaction.
• 93% of alumni would pursue their degree again if given the choice.

2. Return on Investment (ROI) is Strong and Positive

• On average, alumni recoup their investment in less than four years.
• Full-time two-year MBA alumni take 3.5 years on average to recoup their investment.
• Full-time one-year MBA alumni take 2.5 years.
• Part-time, online, and executive MBA alumni also recoup their investment in 2.5 years on average.
• Specialized business master's programs (e.g., Master of Accounting, Master of Finance) have faster ROI.
• Over 20 years, alumni earn a median cumulative base salary of $2.5 million, which is $500,000 more than those without a degree earning 5% annual increases, and $1 million more than those earning 3% annual increases.

3. Women Benefit Significantly from Graduate Business Degrees

• 96% of women rate their degree as good to outstanding value.
• They report similar pre- to post-degree salary increases to men, with a median of $20,000.
• However, the gender pay gap persists, likely due to pre-existing salary disparities.

4. Employment Opportunities are Diverse

• Alumni are employed in 122 countries and across all industries.
• The most common industries are products and services (19%), finance and accounting (19%), and technology (17%).
• 73% of alumni report faster career advancement.
• 59% were motivated to pursue the degree to increase their salary.
• 81% say their degree has increased their earnings power.
• 68% are satisfied with their current job and employer.
• Satisfaction and weekly hours increase as alumni move up the corporate ladder.

5. Self-Employed Alumni

• 10% of alumni are self-employed.
• They tend to create small businesses with fewer than 100 employees.
• Common industries include products and services (31%), consulting (25%), finance and accounting (16%), and technology (12%).
• Self-employed alumni work 49 hours per week and earn an average of $145,000 per year.
• 81% are highly satisfied with their entrepreneurial experience.

6. Skills Developed in Graduate Business Programs

• 88% developed qualitative analysis skills.
• 84% developed quantitative analysis skills.
• 76% developed soft skills.
• 80% say their program helped them develop leadership potential.
• 70% say it expanded their professional network.
• Essential skills include communication, problem-solving, and critical thinking, though job levels may require different skill sets.

ROI Calculation Methodology

• Investment includes tuition, fees, and foregone wages during the program.
• Return is calculated using pre- and post-degree salaries and compound annual growth rate (CAGR).
• The formula used is:
  ROI = (Return – Cost) / Cost
  Where Return is the total salary earned after the degree, and Cost includes the program cost and foregone wages.

Key ROI Statistics

ROI Trends by Economic Conditions

• The ROI of full-time two-year MBAs has fluctuated with economic conditions.
• ROI was positive in 19 of 20 years since the 1990s.
• During the Great Recession (2008–2012), ROI stagnated at around 40%.
• Investment costs have increased faster than starting salaries, contributing to longer payback periods.

Employment Statistics

• 92% of alumni are currently employed.
• 82% work for an employer, 10% are self-employed/business owners.
• 3% are retired, 3% are unemployed, and 1% are not working and not seeking employment.

Conclusion

The 2016 Alumni Perspectives Survey underscores the strong value of graduate business education in terms of career advancement, salary growth, and personal and professional development. Alumni across all program types report high satisfaction with their investment, and the ROI remains positive despite economic fluctuations. The report also highlights the diversity of employment outcomes and the importance of skills development in career success.