2017年-世界发展银行全球_Economy_Profile_of_Oman_64页_1mb

Doing Business 2018: Reforming to Create Jobs

Summary of Oman's Economy Profile

Core Content of the Report

The Doing Business 2018 report, published by the World Bank Group, provides an in-depth analysis of business regulations in 190 economies, focusing on how these regulations impact the ease of doing business. The report evaluates various aspects of business regulation, including starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency, and labor market regulation. It aims to encourage reforms that promote a more efficient and supportive regulatory environment for businesses.

Key Indicators and Their Measures

Oman's Performance in Doing Business 2018

• Ease of Doing Business Ranking: Oman ranked 127th out of 190 economies.
• Distance to Frontier (DTF): Oman's DTF score is 36.8 (out of 100), indicating the distance from the best practices observed globally.
• Income Category: High income.
• Population: 4,424,762.
• GNI per Capita: $15,871.
• City Covered: Muscat.

Starting a Business in Oman

• Procedures:

  • Men: 4 procedures
  • Women: 5 procedures (due to the requirement of obtaining permission from the husband to leave the home)

• Time:

  • Men: 6 days
  • Women: 7 days

• Cost:

  • Men: 4.0% of income per capita
  • Women: 4.0% of income per capita

• Minimum Paid-in Capital:

  • 0% of income per capita (no paid-in capital required)

• Key Procedures:

  1. Obtain permission from husband to leave the home (applies to women only)
  2. Register at the Commercial Registry of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry (MOCI)
     • Time: 3 days
     • Cost: OMR 40 (business registration) + OMR 128 (Chamber of Commerce) + OMR 25 (Muscat Municipality)
  3. Notification of the Tax Department of the Finance Ministry
     • Time: 1 day
     • Cost: No charge
  4. Registration at the Ministry of Manpower
     • Time: 1 day
     • Cost: No charge

• Additional Costs:

  • Company seal: OMR 50 (2 days)

Dealing with Construction Permits in Oman

• Procedures: 14 procedures

• Time: 172 days

• Cost: 1.3% of warehouse value

• Building Quality Control Index: 11.0 (out of 15)

• Key Procedures:

  1. Obtain geotechnical study / soil test
     • Time: 15 days
     • Cost: USD 1,300
  2. Obtain topographical/geodetic survey
     • Time: 5 days
     • Cost: USD 600
  3. Obtain preliminary environmental approval
     • Time: 42 days
     • Cost: OMR 3
  4. Obtain preliminary fire safety approval
     • Time: 15 days
     • Cost: OMR 65
  5. Obtain clearance of formal land commitments
     • Time: 30 days
     • Cost: OMR 1,000
  6. Obtain site plan approval
     • Time: 30 days
     • Cost: OMR 650
  7. Obtain excavation permit
     • Time: 28 days
     • Cost: No charge
  8. Obtain building permit
     • Time: 14 days
     • Cost: OMR 113
  9. Obtain final environmental permit
     • Time: 35 days
     • Cost: OMR 5
  10. Obtain fire safety and security approval for construction site
      • Time: 12 days
      • Cost: OMR 10
  11. Receive final inspection from Municipality
      • Time: 1 day
      • Cost: No charge
  12. Obtain construction completion certificate and letters for utility connections
      • Time: 7 days
      • Cost: OMR 25
  13. Obtain water connection
      • Time: 28 days
      • Cost: OMR 1,472
  14. Obtain sewage site clearance and disposal
      • Time: 7 days
      • Cost: No charge

• Simultaneous Procedures:

  • Procedures 1 and 13 take place simultaneously.

Building Quality Control Index

• Score: 11.0 (out of 15)
• Components:
  • Quality of building regulations: 2.0 (out of 2)
  • Accessibility of building laws and regulations: 1.0 (out of 1)
  • Quality control before construction: 1.0 (out of 1)
  • Quality control during construction: 1.5 (out of 3)
  • Quality control after construction: 2.5 (out of 3)
  • Liability and insurance regimes: 1.5 (out of 2)
  • Professional certifications: 3.0 (out of 4)

Main Objectives of the Doing Business Project

• To provide objective measures of business regulations and their enforcement across 190 economies.
• To encourage reforms that improve the regulatory environment for businesses.
• To offer measurable benchmarks for reform and serve as a resource for academics, journalists, and private sector researchers.
• To produce subnational reports that compare business regulations across cities and regions.

Methodology Highlights

• The project uses a standardized business model (a 100% domestically owned limited liability company).
• It assumes a standardized warehouse for construction permits, valued at 50 times income per capita.
• Data is collected for men and women separately, with gender-specific permissions considered.
• Online procedures are counted as 0.5 days in the total time.
• The distance to frontier (DTF) score is calculated as the average of component indicators.
• The ease of doing business ranking is based on the aggregate DTF score, sorted from 1 to 190.

Conclusion

The Doing Business 2018 report highlights Oman's business regulatory environment, emphasizing areas for improvement such as starting a business, dealing with construction permits, and labor market regulation. While Oman performs relatively well in some areas, it has significant room for reform to enhance the ease of doing business. The report serves as a benchmarking tool for policymakers and businesses, encouraging a more efficient and transparent regulatory framework.