美国联合空中力量能力中心-2020年年度报告（英文）-2021.3-32页_1mb

2020 JAPCC Annual Report Summary

Core Content

The Joint Air Power Competence Centre (JAPCC) is a NATO-accredited Centre of Excellence established in 2005, dedicated to the development and transformation of Joint Air & Space (A&S) Power. It serves as a strategic proponent for A&S Power, offering expertise in Concepts and Doctrine, Capability Development, Education and Training, and Lessons Learned. The JAPCC operates independently of the NATO Command Structure and is supported by 16 Sponsoring Nations, providing a unique network of Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) across all military services and domains.

Main Points

1. JAPCC's Mission and Vision

• The JAPCC aims to be NATO's catalyst for the improvement and transformation of Joint A&S Power.
• It delivers effective solutions through independent thought and analysis.
• Its mission is to provide key decision-makers with expertise to safeguard NATO and member nations' interests.

2. Leadership and Structure

• The JAPCC is led by General Jeffrey L. Harrigian (US AF), who has been in charge since May 2019.
• The organisation is divided into five branches:
  • Assessment, Coordination and Engagement (ACE)
  • Combat Air (CA)
  • C4ISR
  • Air Operations Support (AOS)
  • Space
• In 2020, the JAPCC established a new Space Branch, reflecting the growing importance of the Space domain in NATO operations.

3. Key Achievements in 2020

• The JAPCC contributed to the development of the NATO Warfighting Capstone Concept, serving as a strategic vision for the next 20 years.
• It published a white paper on the evolution of Close Air Support.
• It provided the Czech Republic Tactical Air Force with a detailed analysis of modernization options.
• It supported the NATO Joint Warfare Centre and Exercise Steadfast Jupiter-Jackal by offering OPFOR Air Team support.
• It played a central role in the Fifth Generation Integration Efforts in the European AOR, particularly through the European Air Group (EAG) and Allied Air Command (AIRCOM).
• It co-chaired the NATO STO Study AVT-359 on Hypersonic Operational Threats and Capabilities.
• It contributed to the Alliance Future Surveillance and Control (AFSC) project, which aims to replace the NATO AWACS fleet by 2035.

4. Budget and Financial Overview

• The JAPCC's budget for FY 2020 was 754,900 Euros, slightly below the original request of 853,500 Euros due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
• The budget was allocated primarily to:
  • Travel, supplies and services (52%)
  • Personnel-related expenditures (22%)
  • Replacement of furniture and upgrades of hard- and software (26%)
• The cost per staff officer was approximately 13,016 Euros annually.

5. Challenges and Mitigation

• The JAPCC experienced a decline in manpower, with an overall manning of 61% and SME manning of 55%.
• It actively mitigates these shortfalls through:
  • Cross-utilization of personnel
  • Internal education and training
  • Technological solutions
• It encourages Sponsoring Nations and other NATO members to increase participation to better support the Centre's mission.

6. Events and Engagement

• The JAPCC hosted various events and meetings, including:
  • Annual Joint A&S Power Conference (cancelled in 2020)
  • Biannual Air Operations Working Group (AOWG)
  • Maritime Air Coordination Conference (MACC)
  • Air-to-Air Refueling Working Group meetings
  • Steering Committee and Senior Resource Committee meetings (held virtually)
• It also maintained active engagement with NATO Science and Technology Organization (STO) studies, including:
  • SCI-311: Collaborative Space Domain Awareness Data Collection and Fusion Experiment
  • SCI-301: Defeat of Low Slow and Small (LSS) Air Threats
  • AVT-359: Hypersonic Operational Threats and Capabilities

7. Stakeholders and Partnerships

• The JAPCC's primary customers include:
  • NATO Headquarters
  • Allied Command Operations (ACO)
  • Allied Command Transformation (ACT)
  • NATO Joint Force Commands
  • Sponsoring Nations
• It also accepts Requests for Support (RfS) from other sources when possible.
• The JAPCC collaborates with:
  • NATO Joint Warfare Centre
  • Allied Air Command (AIRCOM)
  • US Air Forces in Europe (USAFE)
  • European Air Group (EAG)
  • NATO Science and Technology Organization (STO)

8. Future Outlook

• In 2021, the JAPCC will focus on Joint All Domain Operations (JADO), aiming to align work strands related to integrating assets across services and countries.
• It will also continue its work on Space Domain Awareness (SDA), Counter-UAS systems, and Fifth Generation Integration.
• The Centre will be involved in the AFSC Project through Phase 3, focusing on risk reduction and feasibility studies.

Key Information

• The JAPCC was established in 2005 and is the first NATO-accredited Centre of Excellence for Joint A&S Power.
• It operates independently of the NATO Command Structure, providing objective military advice.
• The JAPCC is actively involved in shaping NATO's future capabilities, particularly in the areas of Space, Fifth Generation Integration, and Counter-UAS.
• The pandemic significantly impacted the Centre's operations, leading to a shift to remote working and virtual meetings.
• The JAPCC encourages more nations to join as Sponsoring or Contributing Nations to enhance its capacity and influence.