2016-03-07-皮尤-Israel_s_Religiously_Divided_Society_237页_2mb

The Pew Research Center survey reveals deep divisions within Israeli society along religious lines, necessitating a summary focusing on key topics without markdown. Key findings include:

1. Religious Divisions in Israeli Jewry

   • Jews are divided into Haredi (ultra-Orthodox), Dati (religious), Masorti (traditional), and Hiloni (secular) groups.
   • Unity exists in supporting Israel as a Jewish homeland, but differences emerge in religious observance, with Haredim showing highest practices and Hilonim the lowest.

2. Political Ideology and Public Life

   • Haredim and Datiim align right with high religious law priority, while Hilonim and Masortim are more secular, favoring separation of religion and government.
   • Divisions extend to policies like Sabbath observance, settlements, and gender segregation, with Haredim opposing changes.

3. Anti-Semitism and Discrimination

   • Most Israeli Jews see anti-Semitism globally but report less discrimination locally compared to Arabs, who face widespread prejudice.
   • Haredim and Hilonim express solidarity against intermarriage and view other groups cautiously.

4. Intermarriage and Friendship Patterns

   • Social circles and marriages are largely within religious communities, with minimal cross-group friendships or marriages.

5. Comparisons with U.S. Jews

   • Higher religious observance in Israel contrasts with US trends; Israeli Jews oppose US political right dominance.

6. ** Arab Perspectives**

   • Israeli Arabs, especially Muslims, view the Jewish state negatively but show varied opinions compared to Jews.

Internally, Haredim and Hilonim are openly opposed, with minimal interaction, highlighting Israeli society's deep-seated religious divisions around shared identity.