英文_世界卫生组织_多国爆发霍乱_外部形势报告-29-28八月2025_17页_1mb

报告摘要

A multi-country cholera outbreak has affected 31 countries globally, with 382,723 cases and 4,478 deaths reported since January 2025.
The global risk is classified as very high, and 1 billion people are at risk.
The outbreak is exacerbated by conflict, mass displacement, natural disasters, and climate change, particularly in rural and flood-affected areas where poor infrastructure and limited healthcare access delay treatment.
Data completeness remains a challenge due to underreporting and reporting delays, which may result in an underestimation of the true burden of cholera.

67,705 new cases and 624 deaths were reported from 18 countries across two WHO regions in July 2025, showing a 2% increase in cases and 14% increase in deaths compared to June 2025.
The Eastern Mediterranean Region had the highest number of cases (47,652) and the African Region the highest number of deaths (577).
Cumulative cases from January to July 2025:
- Eastern Mediterranean Region: 212,433 cases, 936 deaths
- African Region: 164,804 cases, 3,510 deaths
- South-East Asia Region: 2,985 cases, 1 death
- Region of the Americas: 2,496 cases, 31 deaths

Inaccurate CFR calculations due to varying surveillance methods and underreporting.
Low vaccine stockpile (4.1M doses), below the emergency threshold of 5M doses.
Ongoing humanitarian crises and conflict in several affected countries, leading to underreporting and limited access to healthcare.

20,053 new cases and 577 deaths in July 2025, with Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), South Sudan, and Nigeria reporting the highest numbers.
Cumulative cases from January to July 2025: 164,804, with South Sudan (70,516), DRC (42,760), and Angola (27,666) as the most affected.
CFR in July 2025: 4.8% in DRC, 1% in South Sudan, and 2.8% in the DRC overall.

47,652 new cases and 47 deaths in July 2025, with Afghanistan, Yemen, and Sudan as the main affected countries.
Cumulative cases from January to July 2025: 212,433, with Afghanistan (89,882), Yemen (58,097), and Sudan (45,235) leading.
CFR in July 2025: 0.1% in Afghanistan, 0.2% in Yemen, and 0% in Sudan.

No new cases in July 2025, but 2,496 cases and 31 deaths reported from Haiti since January 2025.

No new cases in July 2025, but 2,985 cases reported from Myanmar, India, and Nepal since January 2025.
India reported 925 cases, with 72 confirmed.
Myanmar had the highest number of cases (1,888), and Nepal reported 87 cases and 1 death.

WHO collaborates with GOARN and SBP to support outbreak response.
16 deployments by GOARN provided technical support to Angola, South Sudan, and Myanmar.
12 experts were deployed to five countries (Angola, Comoros, Jordan, Panama, South Sudan) for case management, WASH, surveillance, and logistics support.
Biweekly coordination calls are held with partners and donors to monitor response activities.

GTFCC has updated reporting guidelines, surveillance tools, and online courses for health authorities and workers.
Countries are encouraged to self-assess their surveillance systems using GTFCC methods.
Priority Areas for Multisectoral Interventions (PAMIs) are being identified to guide control strategies and resource allocation.

Guidance and tools for cholera testing labs have been published, available in English, French, Arabic, and Portuguese.
Training materials and job aids for sample collection, testing with RDTs, and Vibrio cholerae O1/O139 preservation have been developed.
Laboratory strengthening plans are being supported, including assessments in Nigeria.

The global OCV stockpile averaged 4.1M doses, below the emergency threshold of 5M doses.
35 emergency requests for OCV were submitted by 11 countries, requesting 47 million doses (up from 30 million in 2024).
33 requests were approved, while 2 were not.
Vaccine supply is insufficient to meet the growing demand, highlighting the need for urgent expansion of production.

Underreporting and reporting delays affect the accuracy of data, making it necessary to interpret the figures with caution.
Cholera cases and AWD are often reported together, with the term "cholera cases" including suspected and confirmed cases unless otherwise specified.
Geographic distribution of cases is uneven, with remote areas and flood-affected regions being the most affected.
Cross-border transmission is a significant concern, particularly in areas with mass displacement and overcrowded conditions.

Expand vaccine production to meet the growing demand.
Improve surveillance systems to ensure accurate and timely reporting.
Strengthen WASH infrastructure and infection prevention measures in high-risk areas.
Continue coordination with global and regional partners to support outbreak response.

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