2003年-世界发展银行全球_Striking_a_Better_Balance___Volume_5_Final_Workshop_Report_and_Stakeholders_Submissions_or_Comments_139页_69mb

Summary of Volume V: Final Workshop Report

Introduction

The Extractive Industries Review (EIR) Final Workshop was held in Lisbon, Portugal, from December 11-13, 2003, marking the final multistakeholder event in the EIR consultative process. The workshop aimed to discuss the EIR recommendations, solicit input on their implementation, and build coalitions for future action. Approximately 80 participants attended, representing civil society, government, industry, academia, and the World Bank Group (WBG).

The main issues addressed during the workshop included information disclosure, sustainable energy, governance, human rights, accountability, artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM), transparency, and WBG accountability. While there was general agreement on the importance of good governance, human rights, transparency, and local participation, disagreement arose over the recommendation to phase out WBG support for oil by 2008 and disengage from coal investment, as well as confusion around the concept of Free Prior Informed Consent (FPIC).

Key Discussions and Main Points

Day One

• Welcome by the Eminent Person:
  Prof. Dr. Emil Salim emphasized the need for integrated environmental, social, and economic concerns in sustainable development. He called for a triangle of partnership between industry, civil society, and government, and stressed that the development process must be based on human rights.

• EIR Process and Recommendations:
  The EIR Secretariat presented a PowerPoint summary of the consultation process, stakeholder views, and main recommendations.

• Clarification of Questions:
  Some participants wanted to modify the report, but the EIR team clarified that the report would remain unchanged except for minor factual corrections. Comments could be submitted and included in an annex.

• Industry Concerns:
  Industry representatives criticized the report for being too negative and not reflecting all stakeholder views, especially poorly implemented recommendations and lack of good practice examples. They argued that phasing out oil investment could harm poverty alleviation efforts and that WBG influence is crucial for better revenue management and environmental standards.

• Civil Society Support:
  Civil society largely supported the report, especially the 2008 phaseout for oil projects, though some felt it was too abrupt and not fully aligned with development needs.

• Indigenous Peoples' Perspective:
  Indigenous representatives highlighted the importance of sustainable development and equity, urging industry to implement recommendations to avoid repeating past injustices.

Day Two

• Working Groups:
  Seven working groups were formed to address three questions:

  1. What is the major message of the report?
  2. What parts can be supported wholeheartedly?
  3. What concerns are most pressing?

• Areas of Support:

  • Good governance and human rights were universally supported.
  • Transparency, revenue management, and local participation were widely endorsed.
  • A majority agreed that the WBG still has a role in extractive industries, provided that EIR recommendations are implemented.
  • Level playing field, Safeguard Policies, no involuntary resettlement, early disclosure, core labor standards, renewable energy, and mine closure planning were also key areas of support.

• Areas of Concern:

  • Lack of transparency and representation in the EIR process.
  • Implementation details were not sufficiently addressed.
  • Phaseout of oil and coal was seen as too abrupt and not evidence-based.
  • Carbon shadow pricing was questioned for its application and impact on project viability.
  • Need for more government representation in the process.
  • Concerns about the WBG's role in promoting renewable energy and sustainable development.

Day Three

• Eminent Person's Final Remarks:
  Dr. Salim reiterated the need for sustainable development and poverty alleviation through a new approach. He emphasized the importance of governance in extractive industries and the WBG's role in supporting renewable energy.

• Conclusion:
  The final report was to be presented to WBG President James D. Wolfensohn in January 2004, with a response from the WBG Management Board expected within three months. The EIR aimed to shift the WBG's focus from fossil fuels to renewable energy and sustainable development.

Key Recommendations

• Phase out WBG support for oil by 2008, and disengage from coal investment, in line with the Kyoto Protocol and sustainable development goals.
• Implement FPIC as per the UN definition.
• Promote sustainable energy strategies and renewable energy investment.
• Improve governance in extractive industries, especially in developing countries, before investing.
• Ensure transparency and accountability within the WBG.
• Develop a green GDP to measure the impact of extractive industries on the environment.
• Support local and indigenous participation in project planning and implementation.
• Maintain WBG involvement in extractive industries to ensure poverty alleviation and good practices.

Conclusion

The EIR Final Workshop was a pivotal event in the consultative process aimed at redefining the World Bank Group's role in the extractive industries. While general agreement was reached on the importance of good governance, transparency, and human rights, disagreement remained on the phaseout of oil and coal investment and the implementation mechanisms. The EIR report emphasized a shift toward sustainable development, renewable energy, and greater stakeholder engagement, especially from civil society and indigenous peoples. The WBG was urged to lead in these areas, while also recognizing its limitations and the need for partnerships.