2023-12-31-世界银行-多哥_将青年和妇女纳入高潜力价值链的经济包容性_137页_3mb

Togo Economic Inclusion into High Potential Value Chains

Executive Summary

Togo faces significant job creation challenges, with high informality, underemployment, and youth population pressure. Agricultural value chains offer potential for job creation, especially focusing on Shea, Ginger, and Red Pepper. Analysis revealed inefficiencies, limited financing, and barriers for youth and women. Key recommendations include legislation for sustainability, cooperative development, and training programs.

Value Chains Overview

Three priority chains were analyzed: shea, ginger, and red pepper. Each shows potential for employment but faces economic and environmental challenges.

Shea Value Chain

• Production: Women dominate collection, with an estimated 170,000 households involved.
• Processing: Mainly artisanal methods (50% of MSMEs), labor-intensive, requiring water/firewood.
• Commercialization: Low export rates (35% of MSMEs), high transportation costs.
• Constraints: Deforestation, limited processing efficiency, poor infrastructure.
• Opportunities: Artisanal tech modernization, cooperative strengthening, certification targeting niche markets.

Ginger Value Chain

• Production: Involves 6,000+ smallholders, cyclical production.
• Processing: Manual methods, contamination risks during storage.
• Commercialization: Trade deficit (significant imports needed), price volatility.
• Constraints: Climate risks, limited irrigation, fungal contamination issues.
• Opportunities: Investment in drying machines, training in quality standards, nursery development.

Red Pepper Value Chain

• Production: Limitation by land access (10% women lack land).
• Processing: Dependent on weather conditions, short production cycle.
• Commercialization: Growing niche markets, yet minimal export presence.
• Constraints: Competition from informal producers, land access limited.
• Opportunities: Cooperatives for aggregation, targeted skills training, export market linkage.

Constraints and Opportunities

Cross-cutting Constraints

• Financing: Both MSMEs and smallholders face loan hurdles (lack of collateral, documentation).
• Skills: Limited technical & business training, especially for women.
• Land Access: Particularly problematic in ginger/red pepper sectors.

Overall Challenges

• Environmental: Deforestation for shea; climate change vulnerability for ginger and red pepper.
• Infrastructure: Poor water access, storage facilities, transportation.
• Market: Certification barriers limit exposure to lucrative international markets.

Economic Inclusion Opportunities

• Greater female/youth participation: Through cooperatives, training, and financial inclusion.
• Value addition: Investment in processing, certification, and quality control.

Recommendations

1. Protect shea parklands through legal measures and awareness programs.
2. Promote certified nurseries for ginger to ensure quality planting material.
3. Drilling boreholes and construct irrigation systems for sustained production.
4. Establish storage centers to minimize wastage and maintain quality.
5. Provide machinery upgrades and technical assistance.
6. Develop centralized trade hubs with digital components.
7. Strengthen standardization agency capacities.
8. Create financing guarantees for high-value sectors.
9. Allocate planned agricultural zones for youth and women.
10. Encourage cooperative formation specifically for women and youth.
11. Offer subsidized training programs for farming, processing, and business.
12. Provide specialized entrepreneurship support for youth and women.