2025年全球能源效率报告_101页_3mb

报告摘要

2025 Improvement: Energy intensity improved by 1.8% (up from 1% in 2024), with China achieving 3.5% and India 4% progress, while advanced economies saw declines.
COP28 Ambition: Still lagging; average annual efficiency progress slowed to 1.3% since 2019 (half the 2010–2019 average of ~2%), missing the 4% goal by 2030.
Key Trends Hindering Progress: (1) Industrial energy demand surged due to slowing efficiency, (2) Policies lagged technology (e.g., appliance standards remain half as stringent as best models), (3) Cooling demand from ACs increased, (4) Electricity demand outpaced renewables, increasing fossil generation.

2025 Policy Actions: Over 250 new policies implemented, covering ~85% of global energy demand, a rise from 70% in 2024. Focus on buildings, appliances, and emissions targets.
Investment Growth: Global efficiency investment reached ~$800 billion (6% YoY growth), with China/US/EU accounting for ~2/3 of spending, though labor shortages and rising costs persist.

Emissions Impact: Saved ~7 Gt CO₂eq since 2010, offsetting ~20% of current global emissions.
Affordability: Efficiency reduced household energy bills by up to 20% in advanced economies but remains a challenge in EMDEs.
Competitiveness: Enabled 20% higher industrial value per unit energy; companies prioritize small-efficiency upgrades over systemic changes.

Transport: Electric vehicles (EVs) surged (~25% YoY growth), with EMDEs becoming key growth markets.
Buildings: Energy codes expanded coverage, but retrofit investment remains constrained by labor and funding limits.

Policy Gaps: Need to raise ambition (e.g., align standards with technology) and address political rollbacks.
Skills Shortages: Labor shortages in advanced economies limit retrofit uptake; need for workforce training.
Electrification Challenge: Balancing EV growth with grid stability through demand-response and energy flexibility.
South Africa Clean Cooking: Efficiency gains could cut cooking energy intensity by 80% by 2040.

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