2012年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_in_Kenya_2012_87页_1mb

Summary of "Doing Business in Kenya 2012"

Core Content

"Doing Business in Kenya 2012" is a subnational report that evaluates the regulatory environment for small and medium-size domestic firms in 13 Kenyan cities. It compares these cities against each other and with 183 economies globally, focusing on four key areas of business regulation: starting a business, dealing with construction permits, registering property, and enforcing contracts. The report highlights progress made since the previous study in 2010 and includes new cities: Kakamega and Nakuru.

The data is based on the World Bank's Doing Business database and is current as of March 2012. It measures the distance to frontier, which shows how far Kenya is from best practices in global business regulation. The report also emphasizes the importance of local reforms in improving the business climate and reducing costs and time for entrepreneurs.

Main Points and Key Information

1. Comparative Performance of Cities

• Malaba ranks first in overall performance.
• Thika is the easiest place to start a business.
• Mombasa is the easiest place to register property.
• Garissa is the easiest place to enforce a contract.
• Kisumu is the most burdensome place to start a business.
• Nakuru is the most burdensome place to deal with construction permits.
• Isiolo is the most expensive place to register property.
• Nairobi is the most expensive place to enforce a contract.

2. Trends in Business Regulation

• Consistent performers such as Malaba, Narok, and Thika remained at the top.
• Eldoret and Garissa improved significantly due to high-impact reforms.
• Mombasa implemented the most reforms at the local level.
• Kisumu and Nyeri saw relative declines in their rankings.
• Nairobi is still the only city with a fully integrated construction-permit department.

3. Global Perspective

• Nairobi represents Kenya in global rankings and ranks 109th out of 183 economies.
• Kenya is ahead of Egypt and Ethiopia, but behind Rwanda and South Africa.
• Rwanda is noted as one of the economies that moved the most towards efficient practices over the past 6 years.
• Kenya has made progress in reducing the time to start a business (from 54 days in 2006 to 33 days in 2012).
• The cost to start a business decreased by 5%, and the time to obtain a permit dropped from 7 to 4 days due to digitization efforts.

4. Key Reforms and Improvements

• Mombasa and Eldoret reformed the construction permit process, making it more efficient.
• Isiolo reduced the transfer tax from 20% to 5%, cutting the cost of property registration by over 60%.
• Nairobi is no longer the only city with a specialized commercial court; Mombasa also introduced one, with plans for Kisumu.
• LAIFOMS (Local Authority Integrated Financial Operations Management System) has improved property transfer procedures across many cities.

5. Regulatory Challenges

• Nairobi still has the most complex and expensive contract enforcement process.
• Nakuru has the most burdensome construction permit procedures.
• Isiolo remains the most expensive for property registration due to the local transfer tax.
• Implementation and enforcement of reforms remain challenges, especially in fast-growing cities with high registration volumes and limited institutional capacity.

Indicator Overview

Conclusion

The report underscores the importance of local reforms in improving the investment climate and business environment in Kenya. While Nairobi remains the central hub for business regulation, subnational efforts have led to significant improvements in various cities. The data highlights that business regulations can be simplified, streamlined, and made more transparent to support economic growth and job creation. However, consistency in implementation and increased institutional capacity are still needed to ensure that all cities benefit equally from these reforms.