【Cedefop】2024追踪劳动力市场的绿色转型：利用大数据识别使工作更绿色的技能_28页_4mb

IISSN: 2529-3397
Tracking the green transition in labour markets
Policy Brief: Using big data to identify the skills that make jobs greener

Policy Background

1. The European Green Deal: Aims to transition the EU economy to sustainability, environmental protection, and carbon neutrality by integrating fossil fuels, harmful practices, and innovative green technologies.
2. Regional Implementation: Crucial for success due to varying regional emissions and economic structures. Collaboration between governments, education institutions, and businesses is needed to align training with market demands.
3. Current Indicators Deficit: Existing policy indicators lack coverage for tracking labor market trends and skills shortages related to green transitions.

Data-Driven Initiatives

• European Strategy for Data: Promotes shared data spaces, including the Green Deal Data Space (GDDS) to support climate goals.
• Green Transition Navigator: An online platform using trade data to identify green opportunities and risks.
• ESA Green Transition Factory: Provides tools for solar and wind energy assessments, scaling across Europe.

Labor Market and Skills Impact

• Skills Gap: Green transitions require new expertise (e.g., renewable energy, environmental engineering, circular economy).
• Deficiency in Indicators: Current systems are insufficient for tracking labor market impacts, necessitating big data sources like online job advertisements (OJA).
• WIH-OJA Database: Uses machine learning to analyze OJA for green skills, defining occupations based on keyword extraction.

Evidence-Based Findings

1. Wholesale/Retail Trade: Low green pervasiveness (2%); sectors need investment in reskilling for circular practices.
2. Energy Sector: High demand for renewable professionals, with isotopic classification (ISCO) limiting granular data.
3. Circular Economy: High growth in mentions of “circular economy”; key profiles include R&D managers and engineers.

Conclusions

• Online Job Analysis: Effective for monitoring green skill needs, forecasting future trends, updating curricula, and refining occupation classifications.
• Short-Term Forecasting: Enables identification of skills gap drivers, supported by multi-year OJA data.
• Curriculum & Classification: Informs program updates and occupation reclassification (e.g., differentiated IT roles).
• Shortage Mapping: Posting duration signals employment bottlenecks, aiding EU-wide migration needs analysis.