2011年-世界发展银行全球_Enterprise_Surveys___Mexico_Country_Profile_2010_15页_879kb

Mexico Country Profile 2010 Summary

Core Content Overview

The Mexico Country Profile 2010 is a comprehensive report from the World Bank's Enterprise Surveys, focusing on the business environment, firm productivity, and key economic indicators. It provides insights into the challenges faced by firms in Mexico and compares them with regional and income group benchmarks.

Main Topics Covered

• Business Environment Obstacles: Key constraints that firms face in conducting business.
• Average Firm: Characteristics of firms in terms of size, ownership, and operations.
• Infrastructure: Quality and efficiency of infrastructure services.
• Trade: Extent of international trade and its associated challenges.
• Regulations, Taxes, and Business Licensing: Effectiveness and burden of regulatory and tax systems.
• Corruption: Prevalence and impact of corruption on business operations.
• Crime and Informality: Impact of crime and informal economic activities on firms.
• Finance: Sources and efficiency of financial services for firms.
• Innovation and Workforce: Use of technology and composition of the workforce.

Key Findings

Business Environment Obstacles

• The top business environment obstacles in Mexico include corruption, regulatory inefficiencies, and delays in obtaining permits and licenses.
• Large firms face more significant challenges in obtaining permits and licenses compared to small and medium firms.
• The corruption index (Graft Index) in Mexico is 13.4%, indicating that firms are often expected to make informal payments when applying for public services.

Average Firm

• The average firm in Mexico has been in operation for 19 years.
• Female participation in top management is 14.6%, while female ownership is 25.7%.
• Private domestic firms make up 93.9% of the firms in the sample, with private foreign firms at 5.3%.

Infrastructure

• Power outages occur on average 3.5 times per month, with firms losing 3.4% of sales due to these outages.
• Water shortages are reported 5.5 times per month, with an average duration of 14 hours.
• Delays in obtaining infrastructure services are significant, with 17.1 days for electricity and 18.8 days for water connections.

Trade

• 8.3% of firms in Mexico are exporters, with 48.2% using foreign material inputs or supplies.
• The average time to clear direct exports through customs is 7 days, while the average time to clear imports is 14.9 days.
• Losses during exports due to theft and breakage are minimal, at 0.2% and 0.6% of sales respectively.

Regulations, Taxes, and Business Licensing

• The average number of days to obtain an import license is 22.4, and construction permits take 43.4 days.
• Senior management spends 13.6% of their time dealing with government regulatory requirements.
• The average number of visits with tax officials is 1.1.

Corruption

• 33.7% of firms expect to give gifts to secure a government contract.
• 25.2% of firms expect to give gifts to obtain a construction permit.
• 17.5% of firms expect to give gifts to obtain an operating license.

Crime and Informality

• 20.4% of firms believe the court system is fair, impartial, and uncorrupted.
• Security costs amount to 0.9% of sales, with 1.4% of sales lost due to theft, robbery, vandalism, and arson.
• 84.7% of firms are formally registered when they start operations, indicating a relatively low level of informality.

Finance

• 64.1% of firms use internal finance for investment, while 8.8% rely on bank finance.
• 35.8% of firms use external financing for working capital.
• 208.9% of the loan amount is the average value of collateral needed for a loan.
• 32.0% of firms have bank loans or lines of credit, and 61.8% have checking or savings accounts.

Innovation and Workforce

• 24.0% of firms have internationally recognized quality certifications.
• 45.1% of firms have their annual financial statements reviewed by external auditors.
• 54.6% of firms use their own websites, and 77.3% use email for communication with clients/suppliers.
• 37.7% of firms have full-time female workers, with an average of 5.2 temporary workers and 79.0 permanent, full-time workers.

Summary of Enterprise Survey Indicators

Notes

• The sample is stratified by industry, firm size, and geographic region.
• Regional and income group indicators are based on country-level averages.
• The Graft Index measures the proportion of times firms are asked or expected to pay bribes for public services.
• The report is a co-publication of the World Bank and the International Finance Corporation.