2023-10-18-亚开行-亚洲向净零转型_农业的机遇与挑战（英）_44页_613kb

Asia's Transition to Net Zero: Opportunities and Challenges in Agriculture

This report examines Asia's role in global climate change, focusing on the agriculture sector. Despite providing livelihoods and food security for a large portion of its population, Asian agriculture is a major source of greenhouse gas emissions, accounting for over 40% in some economies. The sector contributes significantly to global emissions, with trends showing high growth in emissions from sources like rice cultivation and synthetic fertilizers.

Key findings include:

• Agricultural emissions stem from land-use change, livestock, rice cultivation, and food production, with Asia being a high emitter.
• Mitigation opportunities exist through technologies such as alternative wetting and drying for rice, improved fertilizer management, dietary shifts toward plant-based foods, and natural climate solutions like reforestation and peatland restoration.
• Challenges involve institutional, political, and economic barriers to cost-effective transitions. Economic policies are crucial, with GHG taxes and subsidy reforms being effective potential tools.
• Climate finance is insufficient, and regional collaboration is needed to ensure equitable access to funding and technology scaling.
• To achieve net-zero by 2050, integrated approaches combining technological innovation, sustainable practices, and policy reforms are essential, while addressing food security and poverty.